Chemistry

Question 1

Atom

Answer 1

Smallest unit of matter that retains its chemical properties; is made up of protons, neutrons and electrons

Question 2

Electron

Answer 2

negatively charged particle in an atom that orbits the nucleus

Question 3

Proton

Answer 3

positively charged particle in nucleus of the atom

Question 4

Neutron

Answer 4

particle with no charge that is located in the nucleus of the atom

Question 5

Subscript

Answer 5

number located after the element symbol that represents the number of atoms of an element

Question 6

Coefficient

Answer 6

number located before the chemical formula that represents the number of molecules of the substance

Question 7

Atomic Number

Answer 7

represents the number of protons in an atom and identifies the element’s name

Question 8

Atomic mass

Answer 8

number of protons plus the number of neutrons

Question 9

Isotope

Answer 9

Atoms of the same element that have different amounts of neutrons. changes the atomic mass

Question 10

Ion

Answer 10

Atom with a positive or negative charge. Due to gaining or losing an electron

Question 11

Covalent bond

Answer 11

chemical bond where electrons are shared between atoms. CO means share

Question 12

Ionic bond

Answer 12

bond formed when oppositely charged ions give one atom gives electrons to another, leading to one having a slightly positive charge, and another having a slightly negative charge.

Question 13

Hydrogen bond

Answer 13

bond formed by attraction of a slightly charged hydrogen atom, and another slightly charged atom.

Question 14

pH

Answer 14

Measure of H++ ions in solution. based on scale from 0 (acid) to 14 (base)

Question 15

Cohesion

Answer 15

property of water where their molecules are attracted to each other and “stick” together. ex) water droplet

Question 16

Adhesion

Answer 16

property of water where the molecules are attracted to a different substance. ex) water forming a meniscus

Question 17

Acid

Answer 17

substance with a pH under 7

Question 18

Base

Answer 18

substance with a pH over 7

Question 19

Surface tension (water)

Answer 19

hydrogen bonds between molecules of water at the surface

Question 20

universal solvent (water)

Answer 20

ability to dissolve most substances given enough time, does this bc of its polar nature

Question 21

high specific heat of water

Answer 21

takes a lot of energy to heat up water, allows for a stable environment; due to hydrogen bonding

Question 22

capillary action

Answer 22

tendency of water to rise in a thin tube

Question 23

why is water attracted to itself (cohesion)

Answer 23

unequal electron sharing