Cell Membrane/Transport

Question 1

diffusion

Answer 1

process where molecules move from area of high concentration to area of low concentration. form of passive transport

Question 2

osmosis

Answer 2

movement of water through semi-permeable membrane from area of high concentration to area of low concentration

Question 3

cell membrane

Answer 3

cell structure that helps cell maintain homeostasis and equilibrium with outside

Question 4

dynamic equilibrium/equilibrium

Answer 4

when substances move into and out of the cell at equal rates. no net change of concentration

Question 5

channel protein

Answer 5

tube-shaped protein in the cell membrane that helps with passive transport

Question 6

carrier protein

Answer 6

protein in the cell membrane which helps with active transport

Question 7

concentration gradient

Answer 7

difference in concentration from one area to another

Question 8

hypotonic solution

Answer 8

concentration of solutes IN SOLUTION is lower than concentration of the same solutes in the cell.

Question 9

isotonic solution

Answer 9

concentration of solutes IN SOLUTION is same as concentration of those same solutes in the cell

Question 10

hypertonic solution

Answer 10

concentration of solutes IN SOLUTION is higher than the concentration of those solutes in the cell

Question 11

solute

Answer 11

substance being dissolved in solution. example: sugar in coffee

Question 12

solvent

Answer 12

liquid that dissolves a substance: the coffee when mixing it with sugar

Question 13

Cell surface marker protein

Answer 13

special proteins and carbohydrates attached to the cell membrane that helps with cell recognition

Question 14

passive transport

Answer 14

Movement of particles from high to low concentration. requires no energy

Question 15

active transport

Answer 15

Cell transport that requires energy to move particles from low to high concentration

Question 16

endocytosis

Answer 16

bulk transport of large molecules INTO a cell using a vesicle

Question 17

exocytosis

Answer 17

bulk transport of large molecules OUT of a cell using a vesicle

Question 18

facilitated diffusion

Answer 18

passive transport of large polar molecules across cell membrane going from low to high concentration with the help of transport proteins

Question 19

cholesterol

Answer 19

component (lipid) that provides stability to the cell membrane

Question 20

phospholipid

Answer 20

component of membrane that forms bilayer of cell membrane. has a hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail. head is a circle with two tails coming out of it

Question 21

hydrophillic

Answer 21

Water loving - having a tendency to mix with or dissolve in water

Question 22

hydrophobic

Answer 22

Water fearing - tending to repel or fail to mix with water

Question 23

Na+/K+ pump

Answer 23

Form of active transport that uses ATP to move Na+ (sodium ion) to pass through the membrane against the concentration gradient (low to high concentration)

Question 24

Semi-permeable membrane

Answer 24

Membrane that allows certain substances to pass through it but not others

Question 25

Fluid mosaic model

Answer 25

Explanation of how some parts of the membrane can move around freely, if they are not attached to other parts of the cell.

Question 26

what hypertonic solution does to the cell

Answer 26

shrivel, crenation

Question 27

what hypotonic solution does to the cell

Answer 27

swell, turgid