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chemical tests Flashcards

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AP® Chemistry flashcards Periodic Table flashcards
1
Q

what are the cation tests

A

flame, NaOH, NH3, NH4 +

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2
Q

what are the anion test

A

halide, SO4, SO3, CO3, NO3

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3
Q

flame test

A

clean wire with concentrated HCl
dip wire in acid and then in compound
place compound in blue bunsen burner flame

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4
Q

flame color:
Cu
K
Li
Na
Ca
Ba
Mg

A

blue/green
lilac
bright red
orange/yellow
brick red
apple green
colourless

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5
Q

NaOH/ NH3 test

A

dissolve sample in water
add drops of NaOH/NH3
observe colour of precipitate
add excess NaOH/NH3
observe colour of precipitate

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6
Q

group 1 NaOH/NH3 test

A

all colourless

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7
Q

group 2 NaOH/NH3 test

A

all white solid

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8
Q

Fe 2+ NaOH/NH3 test

A

all green turns orange solid

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9
Q

Fe 3+ NaOH/NH3 test

A

all orange/brown

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10
Q

Cu 2+ NaOH/NH3 test

A

NaOH- blue solid
blue aq
NH3- dark blue solid
dark blue aq

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11
Q

Cr 3+ NaOH/NH3 test

A

all green/gray solid

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12
Q

Zn 2+ NaOH/NH3 test

A

NaOH- white solid
colourless aq
NH3- white solid
colourless aq

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13
Q

Al 3+ NaOH/NH3 test

A

NaOH- white solid
colourless aq
NH3- white solid
white solid

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14
Q

SO4 test

A

add acid (HCL/ HNO3)
add Ba(NO3)2 or BaCl2
if SO4 present white ppt is formed

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15
Q

SO3 test

A

add any acid
test gas with K2Cr2O7 or KMnO4
K2Cr2O7- orange to green
KMnO4- purple to faint pink

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16
Q

CO3 test

A

add any acid
place gas in limewater
if present limewater turns cloudy

17
Q

NH4 test

A

react solid with NaOH
heat
collect gas
place damp red litmus paper in gas
if NH4 if present red–> blue

18
Q

NO3 test

A

add NaOH to solid
add Al powder
heat
place damp red litmus paper in gas
if NH4 is present red—> blue

19
Q

halides test

A

dissolve sample in water
add HNO3
add AgNO3, observe ppt formed
do SO4 test first!

20
Q

halides results

A

Cl- white
Br- cream
I- yellow

21
Q

displacement observation

A

temp. increase
solid colour change
solution color change

22
Q
A

chemistry (8 decks)

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