Chemical Equilibrium Flashcards
What is a reversible reaction?
A reversible reaction is one in which the products react to give back the reactants, i.e the reaction is going in both ways
Define a chemical equilibrium
Chemical equilibrium is a state of dynamic balance in a reversible reaction where the rate of the forward reaction is the same as the rte of the backwards reaction.
Describe a dynamic state
In a dynamic state the reactants are continuously forming products and the products are continuously forming reactants
Describe a dynamic equilibrium
In a c equilibrium the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the backward reaction
State Le Chatelier’s principle
It states that if a stress is applied to a system at equilibrium, the system re-adjusts to relive the stress applied.
What effect does a catalyst have in an equilibrium reaction, comment on the position/rate etc
A catalyst does not affect the position of the equilibrium but the rate at which equilibrium is reached
State the temperature and pressure at which ammonia is manufactured. Give reasons for your answer
Pressure= 200 atmospheres- any higher and there would be a safety issue
Temperature=500 C- needs to be low enough to produce a good yield but not too long to take too long to produce
Name the process that manufactures Ammonia
The Haber (Bosh) process
Name the process that manufactures Sulfuric Acid
The Contact Process
State the temperature and pressure at which Sulfuric Acid is manufactured. Give reasons
Temp=450 C-needs to be lo enough to produce a good yield but not that the rate of production is too slow
Pressure =atmospheric pressure-High pressure plants cost more to maintain and high pressures can also liquefy SAcid
What do the square brackets represent in finding Kc
Concentration in moles/litres
What factor effects Kc and how
Temperature- changing the temperature will force the reaction to take the exo/endo route, therefore shifting the equilibrium to one side
