Acids and Bases

Question 1

How does an Acid turn into its conjugate base?

Answer 1

An acid turns into a conjugate base when it donates a proton

Question 2

How does a Base turn into its conjugate Acid

Answer 2

A Base turns into its conjugate acid when it accepts a proton

Question 3

What is a conjugate Acid-Base Pair

Answer 3

a conjugate Acid-Base pair is any pair consisting of an acid and a base that differ by one proton

Question 4

What is an example of Neutralisation

Answer 4

1.Medicine
HCl + NaHCO3 -> NaCl + H2O +CO2
HCl in stomach is neutralised by NaHCO3
2.Agriculture
H2SO4 + Ca(OH2) -> CaSO4 + 2H2O
Soil that is to acidic
3.Environmental Protection
H2SO4 + CaCO3 -> CaSO4 +H2O +CO2
Acid rain, limestone helps reduce acidity in lakes
4.Miscellaneous
Hair conditioner neutralises Shampoo/Toothpaste neutralises Acid from Food

Question 5

What is a salt

Answer 5

A salt is a substance formed when the hydrogen ion from an acid is replaced by a metal or an ammonium ion

Question 6

Define Neutralisation

Answer 6

Neutralisation is the reaction between an acid and a base to form a salt and water

Question 7

What does it mean when a substance is amphoteric or amphiprotic

Answer 7

It means the substance can act both as an acid and as a base

Question 8

What is an Acid According to the Bronsted-lowry theory

Answer 8

A proton donor

Question 9

What is an Base According to the Bronsted-lowry theory

Answer 9

A proton acceptor

Question 10

What is a strong acid, a strong base, a weak acid and a weak base according to the bronsted-lowry Theory

Answer 10

Strong acid-Good proton donor
Weak Acid-Poor proton donor
Strong Base-Good proton acceptor
Weak Base-Poor proton Acceptor

Question 11

What is an acid according to Arrhenius’ definition

Answer 11

An Acid is a substance that dissociates in water to produce H+ ions

Question 12

What is a base according to Arrhenius’ definition

Answer 12

A Base is a substance that dissociates in water to produce OH- ions

Question 13

What is a strong acid according to Arrhenius’ definition?

Answer 13

A substance that almost completely dissociates in water to give H+ ions

Question 14

What is a strong base according to Arrhenius’ definition?

Answer 14

A substance that completely dissociates in water to give OH- ions

Question 15

What is a weak acid according to Arrhenius’ definition?

Answer 15

A substance that only slightly dissociates in water to give H+ ions

Question 16

What is a weak base according to Arrhenius’ definition?

Answer 16

A substance that only slightly dissociates in water to giveOH- ions

Question 17

What colour change do you see in methyl orange

Answer 17

Yellow-red

Question 18

What colour change do you see in Phenolphthalein

Answer 18

Pink-colourless

Question 19

What is a solution

Answer 19

A solution is a completely perfect Mixture of a solute and a solvent, the mixture is homogeneous

Question 20

Define Concentration

Answer 20

The concentration of a solution is the amount of solute tat is dissolved in a given volume of solution

Question 21

Define Molarity

Answer 21

The molarity of a solution is the number of moles of solute per litre of solution (represented by M)

Question 22

What is a standard solution

Answer 22

A standard solution is a solution whose concentration is accurately known

Question 23

What is a primary Standard

Answer 23

A primary standard is a substance that can be obtained in a stable, pure and soluble solid form to be weighed out and dissolved in water to give a solution of accurately known concentration

Question 24

Define Titration

Answer 24

A titration is a laboratory procedure where a measured volume of one solution is added to a known volume of another solution until the reaction is complete