Chemical Bonding Flashcards
element
the simplest version of a substance that cannot be broken down in anything else
compound
two or more different elements/atoms bonded together, its has different properties than the elements it is made of
mixture
two or more compounds combined but not bonded
octet rule
states that atoms will bond to achieve 8 electrons in their valence shell.
2 exceptions to the octet rule
hydrogen and helium only want 2 valence electrons
covalent bond
valence electrons are shared
- happens between a non-metal and a non-metal
ionic bond
valence electrons are transferred-
- happens between metal and a non-metal
rules for naming ionic bonds
- first element in formula stays the same
- second element ends in ‘ide’
- compound with 3 elements, one of which is oxygen ends in ‘ate’
- compound has OH in it = ends in ‘hydroxide’
prefixes for naming covalent bonds
1 - mono (only for oxygen)
2 - di
3 - tri
4 - tetra
5 - penta
6 - hexa
7 - hepta
8 - octa
other rules for naming covalent bonds
- second element ends in ‘ide’
what types of elements ionically bond
metal and a non metal
what types of elements covalently bond
non metal and a non metal
what does the group tell you
amount of valence electrons (vertical)
what does the period tell you
amount of shells (sideways = shells)
H2O
water
