Chemical bonding 1

Question 1

Out of pipe and Sigma Bonds which is stronger bond why?

Answer 1

sigma bond is stronger than pi bond this is because pi bond is formed by the head on overlapping of orbitals and therefore overlapping is large. On the other hand a pi bond is formed by the sideways overlapping, which is small.

Question 2

Why NF 3 is pyramidal while BF3 is triangular planar though both have tetra atomic molecules?

Answer 2

In NF3, nitrogen involves in SP3 hybridization and one position is occupied by the lone pair. therefore, the molecule is pyramidal. In BF3, boron involves in SP2 hybridization having triangular planar geometry.

Question 3

Arrange H2O, NH3 and CH4 in the decreasing order of bond angle.

Answer 3

CH4>NH3>H2O

Question 4

Benzene ring has an alternate single and double bonds, yet all the C-C bonds are of equal length why?

Answer 4

this is due to resonance in benzene, all carbon- carbon bonds have same bond length between the single and double bonds

Question 5

Arrange in the increasing order of polarity
P-H,H-O,C-Cl

Answer 5

P-H<C-Cl<H-O

Question 6

CO2 is nonpolar while H2O is polar but conclusion do you draw about the structures from these?

Answer 6

CO2 is a linear molecule therefore the result in dipole moment of the two CO bonds get canceled giving zero diaper movement. On the other hand, water molecule is not linear . it has angular shape and the bond moments of the O-H bonds here result in dipole moment.

Question 7

Peroxide ion or super oxide ion has larger bond length?

Answer 7

the bond link of a molecule is related to the bond order. super oxide ion has larger bond order than peroxide ion therefore the bond length of peroxide ion will be larger.

Question 8

Why is the energy of pi 2PX and pi 2PY molecular orbitals lower than sigma 2PZ molecular orbital in 2 molecule

Answer 8

This is because of the intermixing of the 2Pz And 2S orbitals because of the closed proximity. 2 intermixing sigma 2 pz molecular orbital become higher in energy than pi 2PX and pi 2PY molecular orbitals.

Question 9

How can one nonpolar molecule induce a dipole in a nearby nonpolar molecule?

Answer 9

In a non polar molecule, there may be instantaneous dipole created by specific positions of electrons. This instantaneous dipole can induce a dipole in a nearby non polar molecule

Question 10

define geometry of molecule

Answer 10

the relative arrangement of the bonded atoms in a molecule