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Chemistry > Chemical analysis > Flashcards

Chemical analysis Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the test for hydrogen?

A

lit splint in test tube filled with gas
squeaky pop is positive result

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2
Q

What is the test for oxygen?

A

glowing splint in test tube filled with gas relights

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3
Q

What is the chemical test for water?

A

anhydrous copper sulphate turns from white to blue

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4
Q

What is the physical test for water?

A

measure boiling point
pure water boils at 100ºC
range of temps = impure

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5
Q

What is the test for carbon dioxide?

A

bubble through limewater
turns cloudy

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6
Q

What is the test for chlorine?

A

place damp blue litmus paper into gas
bleaches/turns white

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7
Q

What is the test for ammonia?

A

place damp red litmus paper into gas
turns blue

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8
Q

What is a positive ion?

A

cation

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9
Q

What is a negative ion?

A

anion

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10
Q

How do you conduct a flame test?

A

dip nichrome wire into HCl (cleans wire)
dip wire into sample
place wire into blue bunsen flame

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11
Q

Why should the flame be non-luminous?

A

to see only one colour

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12
Q

What colour does Li⁺ turn in flame test?

A

red

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13
Q

What colour does Na⁺ turn in flame test?

A

yellow

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14
Q

What colour does K⁺ turn in flame test?

A

lilac

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15
Q

What colour does Ca²⁺ turn in flame test?

A

orange/red
(brick red)

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16
Q

What colour does Cu²⁺ turn in flame test?

A

blue-green

17
Q

What is a precipitate?

A

solid formed from mixing two solution

18
Q

How do you conduct a sodium hydroxide test?

A

dissolve sample in distilled water
add a few drops of sample to test tube
add a few drops of NaOH to the sample

19
Q

What colour is the precipitate when using Cu²⁺ in sodium hydroxide test? and what is the precipitate formula?

A

blue
Cu(OH)₂

20
Q

What colour is the precipitate when using Fe²⁺ in sodium hydroxide test? and what is the precipitate formula?

A

green
Fe(OH)₂

21
Q

What colour is the precipitate when using Fe³⁺ in sodium hydroxide test? and what is the precipitate formula?

A

brown
Fe(OH)₃

22
Q

How do you test for ammonium ions?

A

dissolve sample in distilled water (if solid)
add NaOH and warm
Put damp red litmus paper into the gas produced

23
Q

How do you conduct a halide test?

A

dissolve sample in distilled water (if solid)
add nitric acid (HNO₃) → (prevents false positives)
add a few drops of silver nitrate solution (AgNO₃)
precipitate will form

24
Q

What colour is the precipitate when using Cl⁻ in halide test? and what is the precipitate formula?

A

white
AgCl → silver chloride

25
Q

What colour is the precipitate when using Br⁻ in halide test? and what is the precipitate formula?

A

cream
AgBr → silver bromide

26
Q

What colour is the precipitate when using I⁻ in halide test? and what is the precipitate formula?

A

yellow
AgI → silver iodide

27
Q

What is the ionic equation for this full equation:
KCl + AgNO₃ → AgCl + KNO₃

A

Cl⁻ + Ag → AgCl

28
Q

How do you test for carbonate ions?

A

add HCl → look for effervescence
yes = bubble gas through limewater, turns cloudy if carbonate
no = not a carbonate

29
Q

How do you test for sulphate ions?

A

Add HCl → look for effervescence
yes = check for carbonate
no = add barium chloride solution, if sulphate , white precipitate formed

Chemistry (18 decks)

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