Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MLS Classes > Chem U5 > Flashcards

Chem U5 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the cause of prerenal azotemia?

A

decreased renal blood flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the cause of renal azotemia?

A

direct renal tissue damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the cause of postrenal azotemia?

A

obstruction of urine flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what does glomerular filtration rate (GFR) mean?

A

determines how well the kidneys are working, as it is associated with accumulation of nitrogenous wastes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what factors correlate to GFR?

A

height, weight, and surface area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the average GFR in a healthy adult? with what surface area?

A

120 ml/min with SA of 1.73

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what hormones does the kidney make?

A

renin, prostaglandin, erythropoietin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what hormones are degraded by the kidney?

A

insulin, glucagon, aldosterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what hormone is hydroxylated by the kidney?

A

vitamin D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are some causes to perform blood gas testing?

A

To evaluate the amount of oxygen, CO2, acid-base balance in blood

Can diagnosis lung and breathing disorders, acid-base imbalances, and kidney problems

Monitors initial diagnosis and evaluates the patient’s status and treatments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the normal ratio of bicarbonate to carbonic acid in the body?

A

20:1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what happens if that bicarbonate to carbonic acid ratio changes? what is the normal range?

A

pH will change, normal is around 7.4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are the buffering systems in the body?

A

blood buffer, lungs, kidneys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are the 4 blood buffer systems?

A

phosphate, protein, hemoglobin, *bicarbonate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are the 4 categories of acid-base imbalance that can happen in the body?

A

respiratory acidosis
respiratory alkalosis
metabolic acidosis
metabolic alkalosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

causes of respiratory acidosis

A

lung disease, decreased cardiac output

17
Q

causes of respiratory alkalosis

A

hypoxemia, pulmonary emboli/fibrosis

18
Q

causes of metabolic acidosis

A

increased H+ or decreased HCO3- (based on anion gap)

19
Q

causes of metabolic alkalosis

A

exogenous or endogenous increase in alkali, vomiting

20
Q

between the lungs and the kidneys, which responds to the body’s acid/base status faster?

A

lungs

21
Q

between the lungs and the kidneys, which has more control?

A

kidneys

22
Q

how is oxygen delivered to the body’s tissues?

A

hemoglobin with the help of 2,3 diphosphoglycerate help regulate oxygen affinity

23
Q

what factor affects the hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve?

A

pH, temperature, pCO2, and 2,3-DPG

decreased affinity = decreased pH, increased temp, increased pCO2, increased 2,3-DPG

increased affinity = increased pH, decreased temp, decreased pCO2, decreased 2,3-DPG

MLS Classes (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions