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Path > Chem EMQ notes > Flashcards

Chem EMQ notes Flashcards

1
Q

True hyponatraemia - Low Na, Low serum osmol

A

CKD

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2
Q

Pigmented palmar creases, hypoNa, hyperK

A

Addison’s

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3
Q

Malignancy/infx, HypoNa, urine osmol>serum osmol

A

SIADH

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4
Q

HypoGly+HypoK

A

Insulin overdose

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5
Q

HyperK, inc creatinine, acidotic

A

Renal failure

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6
Q

HypoK, acidosis, hypotension, hypoCa, young child

A

Bartter’s syndrome

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7
Q

Low aldosterone, HyperK

A

ACEi

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8
Q

Inc GGT+ALP

A

Obstructive

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9
Q

Inc bili only finding

A

Gilbert’s

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10
Q

Isolated GGT rise

A

ETOH abuse

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11
Q

2AST:1ALT

A

ETOH liver disease

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12
Q

Galactorrhoea normal TFT’s

A

Prolactinoma

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13
Q

HyperN, HypoK HTN, muscle pains

A

Conn’s

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14
Q

Carcino-embryonic antigen

A

Gastro Ca (colorectal/gastric/pancreatic)

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15
Q

CA125

A

Ovarian Ca

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16
Q

Bence-Jones

A

Multiple myeloma

17
Q

Caeruloplasmin

A

Wilson’s

18
Q

Amylase, parotitis

A

Mumps

19
Q

alpha-fetoprotein

A

Down’s

20
Q

Fair skin, brittle hair, convulsions, developmental delay, learning difficulties.
inborn errors of metabolism

A

Homocystinuria

21
Q

Musty smelling baby

A

Phenylketonuria

22
Q

Sweet smelling baby, sweaty feet

A

Mayple syrup urine disease

23
Q

Cherry-red spot

A

Fabry’s

24
Q

Carbamezepine’s effect on electrolyte balance

A

Hyponatraemia

25
Q

High Ca, very high PTH, normal/low phosphate with chronic renal failure

A

Tertiary hyperparathyroidisim

26
Q

Vitamin B1 test

A

RBC transkelotase

27
Q

Anorexia’s physiological effect on electrolytes

A

Alkalosis, hypokalaemia, aciduria

28
Q

Exacerbating factors for gout

A

Chemo, ETOH, Aspirin, Thiazide diuretics

29
Q

Anion gap calculation

A

[Na+]+[K+]-[HCO3]-[Cl-]

30
Q

Estimated plasma osmolarity calculation

A

2*([Na+]+[K+])+[Glucose]+[Urea]

31
Q 
CKD effects on:
Acid-base
Na
K
Urea
Ca
PO4
Hb
A 
Acidotic
Normal/reduced Na
HyperK
Inc Urea
HypoCa
HyperPO4
Anaemia
32
Q

Elevated anion gap in metabolic acidosis (4)

A

Ketoacidosis
Uraemic
Lactic acidosis
Toxins

33
Q

Phyiological causes of raised CK

A

Afro-caribbean <5x ULN

34
Q

Pathological causes of raised CK

A

Duchenne’s, MI, rhabdomyolysis

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