chem 2 Flashcards
The _____ depend on the amount of the solute and not on their chemical identities
colligative properties
The colligative properties depend on the amount of the ____ and not on their _____.
solute
chemical identities
The properties of a ____ differ from that of ____.
solution
pure solvent
Properties that depend solely on the number of particles of solute present but not on the kind of nature of solute are ____.
colligative properties.
Since a _____ does not ionize in solution
nonelectrolyte solute
Since a nonelectrolyte solute does not ionize in solution, the number of solute particles will be___ in a solution containing nonelectrolyte solute than in a solution containing an electrolyte solute.
less
Therefore, the effect of an electrolyte solute will be ____ than a nonelectrolyte solute in a solution.
greater
There are four colligative properties namely,
vapour pressure,
osmotic pressure,
freezing point,
boiling point
The fast moving molecules of a liquid overcome their attractive forces and escape into the gaseous state in a process called ___.
vaporization
The ___ with the walls of the container and gives ___ to vapour pressure.
vapour collides
rise
In an open container, the process continues and the water ____. But in a closed container, these molecules that have escaped also return back into the liquid state called ____.
level decreases
condensation
_____ happens when the rate of condensation becomes equal to the rate of vaporization.
Equilibrium
The _____ is the temperature at which the vapour pressure of a liquid is ___ to the atmospheric pressure.
boiling point
equal
If a liquid has a _____ pressure it means that the molecules evaporate faster and it takes a shorter time
high vapour
to equalize the vapour pressure of the liquid and the atmospheric pressure. Therefore, the boiling point of the liquid is ____.
low
The boiling point of pure water is___.
100°C
The boiling point of a solution is ___ than the boiling point of a pure solvent.
greater
The ____ (ATB) is the amount by which the boiling point temperature of a solvent is raised.
boiling point elevation
The boiling point elevation (ATB) is the amount by which the boiling point temperature of a solvent is __.
raised
The ____ of a substance is the temperature at which the solid and the liquid phase coexist and their vapour pressures are the __.
freezing point
same
If a ____ is added to a solvent, the freezing point of the solvent is ___ and the reduction in the freezing point depends on the number of moles of solute present.
non-volatile solute
lowered
The ___ the number of solute particles, the ____ the effect on the reduction of the freezing point.
greater
If ___ mole of nonelectrolyte solute is dissolved in one kilogram water, the freezing point of water is reduced by
one
1.86°C
If___ moles of nonelectrolyte solute is dissolved in one kg of water, then the freezing point is reduced by
two
3.72°C
___ is the movement of solvent through a semipermeable membrane from a region of ___ concentration to a region of __ concentration
Osmosis
low
high
In osmosis, a ___ (allowing certain substances to pass through it but not others) membrane allows the passage of ___ but not the ___.
semipermeable membrane
solvent
solute
If the semipermeable membrane is placed in between two solution of different concentrations, the solvent will flow from a region of a ___ on centrated solution to the ___ concentrated solution.
less
more
The movement of the solvent ___ until the concentration on both sides are the __.
continuous
same
The ____ is the pressure needed to ____
osmotic pressure
prevent osmosis
The osmotic pressure will be applied to the more ____ solution so that the solvent flows from the ___ concentrated solution to the ___ concentrated solution
concentrated
more
less
this is called ____ which is the process applied in purification of water.
reverse osmosis
