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CHM-101 > ChChapter 3: Structure of an Atom > Flashcards

ChChapter 3: Structure of an Atom Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an Atom?

A

An unbreakable particle

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2
Q

Who discovered the Law of Conservation of Mass?

A

Antoine Lavoisier (1743-1794)

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3
Q

What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?

A

When a chemical reaction occurs matter is not created or destroyed, purely added together.

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4
Q

What are the Foundational Ideas of Atomic Theory?

A

(a) all matter is comprised of atoms, (b) elements have properties unique to them
(c) chemical reactions causes a combination of elements

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5
Q

Who created the first periodic table?

A

Mendeleev

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6
Q

What is the Periodic Table?

A

A table organizing all discovered elements

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7
Q

What is Periodic Law?

A

When elements are placed in order by their atomic number, properties will repeat periodically

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8
Q

What is a period?

A

Rows on a periodic table housing elements with a similar energy level

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9
Q

What is a group?

A

Columns on the periodic table with similar reactivity

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10
Q

Where are metals located on the periodic table?

A

To the left of the periodic table

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11
Q

What are qualities of metals?

A

They are mostly solid, lusterous, conductive, and malleable

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12
Q

Where are Non-Metals found on the periodic table?

A

On the upper-right side of the periodic table, including hydrogen.

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13
Q

What are qualities of non-metals?

A

They are less dense, dull, insulators, and are easy to shatter

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14
Q

Where are metal-loids found on the periodic table?

A

Between metals and non-metals

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15
Q

What are the qualities of metalloids?

A

Uncommon, can be shiny and brittle

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16
Q

What is found within Group 1A on the periodic table?

A

Alkali Metals

17
Q

What are the qualities of Alkali Metals?

A

They are easy to cut, and violently react to water

18
Q

What is found in Group 2A on the periodic table?

A

Alkaline Earth Metals

19
Q

What are the qualities of Alkaline Earth Metals?

A

They are found in Minerals, are less reactive than G1A, and burn brightly.

20
Q

What is found in Group 7A on the periodic table.

A

Halogens

21
Q

What are the qualities of Halogens?

A

Produce colored vapors, bond to themselves, and form many compounds

22
Q

What is found in Group 8A on the periodic table?

A

Nobel Gases

23
Q

What are the qualities of Noble Gases?

A

Clear gases at room temperature, seen by passing electricity through them, and are stable.

24
Q

What is a subatomic particle?

A

What makes up an atom?

25
Q

How were subatomic particles found?

A

Cathode Ray Experiment

26
Q

What is an electron?

A

A particle with a negative charge

27
Q

What was the Gold Foil Experiment?

A

An experiment that tested the structure of matter by hitting a thin piece of gold foil with an alpha particle source.

28
Q

What was the conclusion of the Gold Foil Experiment?

A

It was found that particles would deflect; rutherford viewed the cause coming from the nucleus.

29
Q

What charge does a proton have?

A

Positive charge

30
Q

What charge does a neutron have?

A

Neutral

31
Q

What is charge neutrality?

A

Neutral atoms must have equal amounts of protons and electrons

32
Q

What does a Atomic Number show?

A

How many protons an atom has; determines which element it is.

33
Q

What does the Mass Number show?

A

How many protons and neutrons are in the nucleus

34
Q

What is an Isotope?

A

A element with a different amount of neutrons, but the same protons / electrons.

35
Q

What are the three isotopes of Hydrogen?

A

Protium, Deuterium, and Tritium

36
Q

What is Average Atomic Mass?

A

A weighted average of different isotopes of an element

CHM-101 (6 decks)

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