Chapter 5: Chemical Bonds and Compounds

Question 1

Where do Valence Electrons exist?

Answer 1

In the highest occupied energy level

Question 2

What do Valence Electrons control?

Answer 2

A elements reactivity

Question 3

Octet rule

Answer 3

Atoms want to lose, gain, or share electrons in order to become neutral.

Question 4

How many electrons are needed for a element to become neutral?

Answer 4

8

Question 5

Lewis Dot Symbol

Answer 5

Shows the total amount of valence electrons in a element

Question 6

How is the Lewis Dot Symbol depicted?

Answer 6

Dots surrounding a atomic symbol

Question 7

What are ions?

Answer 7

Atoms with either a positive or negative charge

Question 8

What are Cations?

Answer 8

Metal ions with a positive charge

Question 9

Cations fulfill the Octet Rule by..

Answer 9

losing electrons

Question 10

How many electrons are lost in Group 1A?

Answer 10

1

Question 11

How many electrons are lost in Group 2A?

Answer 11

2

Question 12

How many electrons are lost in Group 3A (Al)?

Answer 12

3

Question 13

What is unique about a transition metals charge?

Answer 13

They can form more than one positive charge

Question 14

What are Anions?

Answer 14

Non-metal ions w/ a negative charge

Question 15

Anions fulfill Octets rule by…

Answer 15

Gaining Electrons

Question 16

How many electrons does Group 7A need to gain, in order to fulfull Octets Rule?

Answer 16

1

Question 17

How many electrons does Group 6A need to gain, in order to fulfill Octets Rule?

Answer 17

2

Question 18

How many electrons does Group 5A need to gain, in order to fulfill Octets Rule?

Answer 18

3

Question 19

What is are Polyatomic Ions?

Answer 19

Groups of charged atoms

Question 20

Example of Polyatomic Atoms Include…

Answer 20

Nitrate, Nitrite, Bicarbonate, Hydroxide, and Cyanide

Question 21

What is an Ionic Bond?

Answer 21

An attraction between oppositely charged ions

Question 22

What is a Ionic Compound composed of?

Answer 22

charged ions

Question 23

How does a compound form?

Answer 23

when a electron transfer occurs

Question 24

Ionic compounds are always…

Answer 24

Neutral

Question 25

What kind of structure is formed from an ionic compound?

Answer 25

Large crystalline structures

Question 26

In a formula, which charged element goes first?

Answer 26

the element with a positive charge

Question 27

In a formula, which charged element goes last?

Answer 27

the element with a negative charge

Question 28

[ 2+ , - ]

Answer 28

Needs two neutral ions for every 2+ charge

Question 29

[ + , - ]

Question 30

[3+ , - ]

Answer 30

Needs three _______, for every _______

Question 31

[ 2+ , - ]

Question 32

How is a cantion named in a formula?

Answer 32

by the name of the metal

Question 33

How is a antion named in a formula?

Answer 33

the name of the non-metal w/ an -ide ending

Question 34

How are poly-atomic atoms named in a formula?

Answer 34

with an -ate or -ide ending

Question 35

What do roman numerals depict in a ionic compounds formula?

Answer 35

charges of an ion

Question 36

What is the name of NaCl?

Answer 36

Sodium Chloride

Question 37

What is the name of K2S?

Answer 37

Potassium Sulfide

Question 38

What is the name of AlBr3?

Answer 38

Aluminum Bromide

Question 39

What is the name of MgSO4

Answer 39

MgSO4Magnesium Sulfate?

Question 40

What is the name of CuCl?

Answer 40

Copper (I) Chloride

Question 41

Ionic Lattices are...

Answer 41

an array of positive and negative ions

Question 42

What is a Formula Unit?

Answer 42

the smallest amount of ions needed to form a neutral ionic compound

Question 43

What happens in a Covalent Bond?

Answer 43

Electrons are shared between two non-metal atoms

Question 44

What does a Molecular Formula show?

Answer 44

how many atoms are in a molecule

Question 45

Dots =

Answer 45

unshared electron

Question 46

Dashes =

Answer 46

Bonded electron

Question 47

(1)

Answer 47

mono

Question 48

(2)

Answer 48

di

Question 49

(3)

Answer 49

tri

Question 50

(4)

Answer 50

tetra

Question 51

(5) penta

Question 52

(6)

Answer 52

hexa

Question 53

(7)

Answer 53

hepta

Question 54

(8)

Answer 54

octa

Question 55

(9)

Answer 55

nona

Question 56

(10)

Answer 56

deca

Question 57

How do you name a Covalent Bond?

Answer 57

1st element prefix + element name * mono can be skipped 2nd element prefit + element - ide