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CHM-101 > Chapter 5: Chemical Bonds and Compounds > Flashcards

Chapter 5: Chemical Bonds and Compounds Flashcards

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1
Q

Where do Valence Electrons exist?

A

In the highest occupied energy level

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2
Q

What do Valence Electrons control?

A

A elements reactivity

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3
Q

Octet rule

A

Atoms want to lose, gain, or share electrons in order to become neutral.

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4
Q

How many electrons are needed for a element to become neutral?

A

8

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5
Q

Lewis Dot Symbol

A

Shows the total amount of valence electrons in a element

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6
Q

How is the Lewis Dot Symbol depicted?

A

Dots surrounding a atomic symbol

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7
Q

What are ions?

A

Atoms with either a positive or negative charge

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8
Q

What are Cations?

A

Metal ions with a positive charge

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9
Q

Cations fulfill the Octet Rule by..

A

losing electrons

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10
Q

How many electrons are lost in Group 1A?

A

1

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11
Q

How many electrons are lost in Group 2A?

A

2

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12
Q

How many electrons are lost in Group 3A (Al)?

A

3

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13
Q

What is unique about a transition metals charge?

A

They can form more than one positive charge

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14
Q

What are Anions?

A

Non-metal ions w/ a negative charge

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15
Q

Anions fulfill Octets rule by…

A

Gaining Electrons

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16
Q

How many electrons does Group 7A need to gain, in order to fulfull Octets Rule?

A

1

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17
Q

How many electrons does Group 6A need to gain, in order to fulfill Octets Rule?

A

2

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18
Q

How many electrons does Group 5A need to gain, in order to fulfill Octets Rule?

A

3

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19
Q

What is are Polyatomic Ions?

A

Groups of charged atoms

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20
Q

Example of Polyatomic Atoms Include…

A

Nitrate, Nitrite, Bicarbonate, Hydroxide, and Cyanide

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21
Q

What is an Ionic Bond?

A

An attraction between oppositely charged ions

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22
Q

What is a Ionic Compound composed of?

A

charged ions

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23
Q

How does a compound form?

A

when a electron transfer occurs

24
Q

Ionic compounds are always…

A

Neutral

25
Q

What kind of structure is formed from an ionic compound?

A

Large crystalline structures

26
Q

In a formula, which charged element goes first?

A

the element with a positive charge

27
Q

In a formula, which charged element goes last?

A

the element with a negative charge

28
Q

[ 2+ , - ]

A

Needs two neutral ions for every 2+ charge

29
Q

[ + , - ]

A
30
Q

[3+ , - ]

A

Needs three _______, for every _______

31
Q

[ 2+ , - ]

A
32
Q

How is a cantion named in a formula?

A

by the name of the metal

33
Q

How is a antion named in a formula?

A

the name of the non-metal w/ an -ide ending

34
Q

How are poly-atomic atoms named in a formula?

A

with an -ate or -ide ending

35
Q

What do roman numerals depict in a ionic compounds formula?

A

charges of an ion

36
Q

What is the name of NaCl?

A

Sodium Chloride

37
Q

What is the name of K2S?

A

Potassium Sulfide

38
Q

What is the name of AlBr3?

A

Aluminum Bromide

39
Q

What is the name of MgSO4

A

MgSO4Magnesium Sulfate?

40
Q

What is the name of CuCl?

A

Copper (I) Chloride

41
Q

Ionic Lattices are…

A

an array of positive and negative ions

42
Q

What is a Formula Unit?

A

the smallest amount of ions needed to form a neutral ionic compound

43
Q

What happens in a Covalent Bond?

A

Electrons are shared between two non-metal atoms

44
Q

What does a Molecular Formula show?

A

how many atoms are in a molecule

45
Q

Dots =

A

unshared electron

46
Q

Dashes =

A

Bonded electron

47
Q

(1)

A

mono

48
Q

(2)

A

di

49
Q

(3)

A

tri

50
Q

(4)

A

tetra

51
Q

(5) penta

A
52
Q

(6)

A

hexa

53
Q

(7)

A

hepta

54
Q

(8)

A

octa

55
Q

(9)

A

nona

56
Q

(10)

A

deca

57
Q

How do you name a Covalent Bond?

A

1st element prefix + element name
* mono can be skipped
2nd element prefit + element - ide

CHM-101 (6 decks)

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