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1-Chemistry Exam 4 > Charts > Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the root name of hydrocarbon with 1 carbon molecule?

A

Meth-

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2
Q

What is the root name of hydrocarbon with 2 carbons molecule?

A

eth-

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3
Q

What is the root name of hydrocarbon with 3 carbons molecule?

A

prop-

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4
Q

What is the root name of hydrocarbon with 4 carbons molecule?

A

but-

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5
Q

What is the root name of hydrocarbon with 5 carbons molecule?

A

pent-

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6
Q

What is the root name of hydrocarbon with 6 carbons molecule?

A

hex-

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7
Q

What is the root name of hydrocarbon with 7 carbons molecule?

A

hept-

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8
Q

What is the root name of hydrocarbon with 8 carbons molecule?

A

Oct-

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9
Q

What is the root name of hydrocarbon with 9 carbons molecule?

A

non-

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10
Q

What is the root name of hydrocarbon with 10 carbons molecule?

A

dec-

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11
Q

What is the properties of the hydroxyl functional group?

A

Polar

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12
Q

What is the properties of the methyl functional group?

A

Nonpolar

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13
Q

What is the properties of the carbonyl functional group?

A

Polar

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14
Q

What is the properties of the carboxyl functional group?

A

Charged, ionized to release H+, since carboxyl groups can release H+ ions into solution they are consider acidic

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15
Q

What is the properties of the amino functional group?

A

Charged accepts H+ to form NH3+. since amino groups can remove H+ from solution, they are considered basic

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16
Q

What is the properties of the phosphate functional group?

A

Charged, ionizes to release H+. since phosphate groups can release H+ ions into solution, they are consider acidic

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17
Q

What is the properties of the sulfhydryl functional group?

A

Polar

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18
Q

What happens to methane when a hydrogen is removed?

A

Methyl

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19
Q

What happens to ETHANE when a hydrogen is removed?

A

Ethyl

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20
Q

What are the components of a saturated fatty acid (5)?

A
  • contain only single C-C bonds
  • closely packed
  • strong attractions between chains
  • high melting points
  • solids at room temperature
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21
Q

What is an example of saturated fatty acids?

A

Palmitic acid

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22
Q

What is the components of unsaturated fatty acids?

A
  • contain one or more double C=C bond
  • nonlinear chains do not allow molecules to pack closely
  • few interactions between chains
  • low melting points
  • liquids at room temperature
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23
Q

What is an example unsaturated fatty acids?

A

Linoleic acid

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24
Q

What are examples of saturated fatty acids (6)?

A

Butyric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, plamitic acid, stearic acid and arachidic acid

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25
What is Butyric acid?
Butter fat
26
What is lauric acid?
Coconut oil
27
What is myristic acid?
Palm Oil
28
What is plamitic acid?
Arachis oil, sesame oil
29
What is stearic acid?
Arachis oil
30
What is arachidic acid?
Mustard oil
31
What are examples of unsaturated fatty acids (4)¿
Linolenic acid, linoleic acid, arachidonic acid and oleic acid
32
What is Linolenic acid?
Linseed oil
33
What is linoleic acid?
Sesame oil, subflower oil, soybeen, cunflower, corn, canola +rice barn oil
34
What is arachidonic acid?
arachis oil,
35
What is oleic acid?
safflower oil, corn oil
36
What is oleic acid important in?
Inflammatory process
37
What is typically the byproduct of omega 6?
Pro-inflammatory
38
What is the process of Omega-6 Breakdown?
Linoleic acid- Gamma-linolenic acid and arachidonic acid
39
What is the byproduct of omega 3?
Anti inflammatory process
40
What is the process of Omega-3 breakdown
Alpha-linolenic acid> eicosapentanonic acid>docosahexaeonic acid
41
What can inhibit the conversion of Gamma-linolenic acid to arachidonic acid?
eicosapentanonic
42
Gamma-linolenic acid has ______ properties
anti-inflammatory
43
What are examples of Gamma-linolenic acid?
Evening primrose oil+borage oils
44
What are examples of arachidonic acid?
Meat
45
What are examples of Alpha-linolenic acid?
Flaxsedd, hemp+chia seed oil
46
What are examples of eicosapentanonic acid
Fish oil
47
What are examples of docosahexaeonic acid
Fish or algae oil
48
Cyclooxygenase Inflammatory Process: What are phospholipids broken down into?
Arachidonic acid
49
Cyclooxygenase Inflammatory Process: What causes the breakdown of phospholipids into Arachidonic acid?
Phospolipase A2
50
Cyclooxygenase Inflammatory Process: What are Arachidonic acid broken down into?
Leukotrienes and PGG2 (COX)
51
Cyclooxygenase Inflammatory Process: What causes the breakdown of Arachidonic acid into leukotreines?
5-lipoxygenase
52
What are the types of leukotrienes and their function?
LTC4-Bronchial, LTD4-Spasmogens, LTE4-Vasodilators
53
Cyclooxygenase Inflammatory Process: What causes the breakdown of Arachidonic acid into PGG2??
Cyclooxygenase
54
Cyclooxygenase Inflammatory Process: What causes the breakdown of PGG2 into PGH2??
Hydroperoxidase
55
What are the byproducts of PGH2 (5)?
TXA2, PGI2, PGE2, PGF2a, PGD2
56
What is TXA2? What enzyme causes it formation?
Platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction TXA2 synthase
57
What is PGI2? What enzyme causes it formation?
Vasodilator-bronchodilator, inhibits platelet aggregation, renal homeostasis PGI2 synthase
58
What is PGE2? What enzyme causes it formation?
Pyretic agent, inflammation and pain, gastric cytoprotection actions, renal homeostasis, vasodilator, bronchodilator and vasoconstriction PGE2 synthase
59
What is PGF2a? What enzyme causes it formation?
Labour and bronchoconstriction PGF2a synthase
60
What is PGD2? What enzyme causes it formation?
Sleep wake cycle and bronchoconstriction PGD2 synthase
61
What is PGD2 converted to PGJ2?
Nuclear acting prostanoid ligands
62
What is the mnemonic for Essential amino acids?
PVT Tim Hall
63
What are the basic amino acids (3)?
Histidine, arginine, lysine
64
What are the branched chain amino acids (3)?
Leucine, Isoleucine and Valine
65
What are the two ketogenic amino acids>
Lysine and Leucine

1-Chemistry Exam 4 (8 decks)

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