characteristics of living organisms

Question 1

what do living organisms do

Answer 1

-they need nutrition
-they respire
-they excrete their waste
-they respond to their surroundings
-they move
-they control their internal conditions
-they reproduce
-they grow and develop

Question 2

Nucleus

Answer 2

-contains the genetic material that controls the cell’s activities
-it is surrounded by its own membrane

Question 3

cell membrane

Answer 3

this membrane forms the outer surface of the cell and controls the substances that go in and out

Question 4

cytoplasm

Answer 4

-a gel-like substance where most of the cell’s chemical reactions happen
-it contains enzymes which control these reactions

Question 5

mitochondria

Answer 5

-small organelles where most of the reactions for aerobic respiration take place
-respiration transfers energy that the cells needs to work

Question 6

ribosomes

Answer 6

-small organelles where proteins are made in the cell

Question 7

tissue

Answer 7

a group of similar cells that work together to carry out a particular function

Question 8

organ

Answer 8

group of different tissues that work together to perform a function

Question 9

organ systems

Answer 9

made up by organs that work together
-each system has a different job

Question 10

features of plants 4

Answer 10

-multicellular
-have chloroplasts
-cell walls which are made of cellulose
-store carbohydrates as sucrose or starch

Question 11

features of animals 6

Answer 11

-multicellular
-they do not have chloroplasts
-cells do not have cell walls
-have some kind of nervous coordination, meaning they can respond rapidly to changes in their environment
-they can move around from one place to another
-they often store carbohydrates as glycogen

Question 12

features of fungi 6

Answer 12

-some are single-celled
-others have a body called mycelium, which is made up of hyphae(contains lots of nuclei
-they cannot photosynthesize
-their cells have cell walls made of chitin
-most feed by saphrotrophic nutrition
-they can store carbohydrates as glycogen

Question 13

saphrotrophic nutrition

Answer 13

-they secrete extracellular enzymes in the area outside their body to dissolve their good, so they can absorb them as nutrients

Question 14

features of protoctists

Answer 14

-single celled and microscopic
-some have chloroplasts and are similar to plant cells
-others are more like animals

Question 15

features of bacteria 5

Answer 15

-single cells and microscopic
-they do not have a nucleus
-they have a circular chromosome of DNA
-some can photosynthesize
-some do saphrotrophic feeding
-most bacteria feed of other organisms - both living and dead
-some have cell walls made of peptidoglycan

Question 16

features of viruses

Answer 16

-these are particles, smaller than bacteria
-they can only reproduce inside living cells
-a virus is an example of a parasite, it depends on another organism to grow and reproduce
-they infect all types of living organism
-they come in load of different shapes and size
-they have a protein coat around some genetic material(either DNA or RNA)

Question 17

-pathogen

Answer 17

pathogens are organisms that cause disease

Question 18

what causes malaria

Answer 18

plasmodium

Question 19

How do fungi digest their food

Answer 19

-secrete enzyme extracellularly
-enzymes break down food
-absorb the digested nutrients into their cells