Characteristics Of Life - Parts Of A Cell Flashcards
What are viruses?
Microscopic organisms that contain DNA or RNA surrounded by fats
How do they reproduce?
Hijack host and insert DNA. Controls all functions of host and reproduces more viral products “parasites”.
What does accelular mean?
Not composed of cells
What are the classifications in order?
Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species
What are three types of domains?
Eukarya, bacteria, archaea
What are the cell types?
Eukaryotic, and prokaryotic
Where do humans fall?
Eukaryotes
What are the parts of the cell? What are their functions?
- Nucleus : powerhouse. Contains DNA
- Ribosomes : site of protein synthesis
- Rough ER : transfers protein from ribosomes to vesicles
- Smooth ER : produces fat and lipids
- Lysosomes : digestive system
- Golgi Apparatus : chemically modifies and transfers substances. Produces lysosomes
- Mitochondria : powerhouse of cell. Where respiration happens
- Centrioles : center of formation of cytoskeleton
- Cytoskeleton : hold structure shape and supports cell
- Cytoplasm: where chemical reactions happen
- Cell membrane: separate inside from outside
- Vesicles : transport substance in and out of cell
What are only found in plant cells? Functions?
Vacuole: maintain cell’s turgid state. Provide support. Storage
Cell wall: provide support and stops from bursting
Chloroplasts: photosynthesis takes place here
What is plasma membrane made of?
Phospholipids
How are they arranged?
Tails face each other since they repel water. They are organized in a biolayer (double membrane)
The plasma membrane is _____
Semi permeable (allows some molecules in)
How does it allow molecules to enter?
Proteins in between act as channels
What are the characteristics of life?
Respiration : cells release energy from organic molecules
Irritability : ability to detect changes in environment
Nutrition : get nutrients to grow
Growth : get larger in size
Excretion : remove waste
Reproduce : make more of itself
