characteristics of life Flashcards
what are all 6 characteristics of life
cellular organization
contain similar chemicals
use energy
grow and develope
respond to their environment
reproduce
define unicellular organisms.
a single celled organisms
define multicellular organisms
a multi celled oganism
define a cell
the basic unit of life
define growth
the process of becoming bigger
define developement
the process of change that occurs during an organisms life to produce a more complex organism.
what is the difference between growth and development?
one gets bigger and the other changes and produces.
define stimulus.
a change in an organisms surrounding that caused the organism to react.
define response.
an organisms reaction
how are stimulus and response related?
they both end up reacting.
what are the 4 needs of life?
water
living things
stanble internal living conditions
energy
define cellular organization.
all organisms are made of cells
define chemicals of life.
most abundant chemicle in cells is water.
carbohydrates are a cell’s energy source.
protien and lipids are building materials.
nuecleic acids are the genetic material.
define energy use.
cells use energy to do what living things must do.
define reproduction.
the ability to reproduce offsprings.
what is the difference between autotroph and heterotroph.
autotroph makes its own food and heterotroph can’t
who are the 4 important scientist who discovered something important about cells?
Robert Hooke.
Anton Van Leeuwenhoak.
Mattias schleden.
Theodor schwann.
what did Robert discover that was important about cells?
used a microscope to observe cork cells
what did Anton discover about cells that was so important?
during the late 1600 heobserved singl-celled organisms.
what did Mattias discover about cells that was so important?
in 1838 he concluded that all plants were made of cells.
what did Theodor discover about cells that was so important?
in 1839 he concluded that all living things are made of cells including animals.
what are the 3 parts of the theory of cells?
- Cells are the basic units of life.
- all living things are made of cells.
- all cells come from other cells
what are the 3 different types of microscopes?
- simple microscope.
- compound microscope.
- electronic microscope.
define simple microscope.
single lens, only used to magnify.
define compound microscope.
a light microscope that has more than 1 lens.
define electronic microscope.
use a beam of electrons instead of light.
how are plant and animal cells different from each other?
plant cells have chloroplast and cell walls and animal cells have lysosomes.
what are the 11 major organells that we have studied?
- Nucleus
- Cell Membrane
- Cytoplasm
- Endoplasmic Reticulum
- Ribosome
- Golgi Bodies
- Lysosomes
- Vacuole
- Chloroplast
- Cell Wall
- Mitocondria
define nucleus.
ribosomes are made here
define cell membrane.
controls what comes in and out of the cell.
define cytoplasm.
contains organelles. the region between the cell membrane and the nucleus.
define endoplasmic reticulum.
passage way that carries protein and other meterials from one part to another.
define ribosomes.
attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. produce protein.
define Golgi Bodies/apparatas.
recieves protein from the ER, then sends them to another part of the cell.
define lysosomes.
breaks down food, collects and breaks down old and unused organelles, and helps fight off bacteria and virus.
define vacuel.
stores water, food, and waste.
define chloroplast.
gets energy from the sun light and produces food for the cell. only in plants.
define mitocondria.
the power house of the cell because it produces most of the energy that the cell needs.
define cell wall.
rigid outer layer that surrounds the cell, helps protect and support the cell. only in plant cells.
