Characteristics and Classification Flashcards
Movement
Action by an organism or part of an organism causing a change of position or place
Respiation
The chemical reactions that break down nutrient molecules in living cells to release energy for metabolism
Sensitivity
The ability to detect or sense stimuli in the internal or external environment and to make appropriate responses
Growth
permanent increase in size and dry mass by an increase in cell number or cell size or both
Reproduction
processes that make more of the same kind of organism
Excretion
the removal from organisms of toxic materials, the waste products of metabolism (chemical reactions in cells including respiration) and substances in excess of requirements
Nutrition
taking in of materials for energy, growth and development
species definition
can be classified into groups by the features that they share e.g. all mammals have bodies covered in hair
System of classification
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
Remember : king Philip called over for good spaghetti
What are the 5 kingdoms
Animals
Plants
Fungi
Protoctists
Prokaryotes
What are the main features of all animals
- they are multicellular
- cells contain a nucleus but no cell walls or chloroplasts
- they feed on organic substances made by other living things
What are the main fearure of all plants
- they are multicellular
- their cells contain a nucleus, chloroplasts and cellulose cell walls
- they all feed by photosynthesis
Main features of all fungi
- usually multicellular
- cells have nuclei and cell walls not made from cellulose
- don’t photosynthesize but feed by saprophytic or parasitic
saprophytic
feed on dead or decaying material
Paracitic
feed on live material
Main features of all protoctist
- most are unicellular but some are multicellular
- all have a nucleus, some may have cell walls and chloroplasts
meaning some photosynthesise and others on organic substances made by other living things
Main features of all Prokaryotes
- often unicellular
- cells have cell walls (not made of cellulose) and cytoplasm but no nucleus or mitochondria
chlorophyll
absorbs energy from sunlight for the process of photosynthesis
Ferns
Have leaves called fronds
Do not produce flowers but instead reproduce by spores produced on the underside of fronds
How do you distinguish between monocotyledons and dicotyledons?
1) Flowers
- monocotyledons contain petals in multiples of 3
- dicotyledons contain petals in multiples of 4 or 5
2) Leaves
- Monocotyledons have parallel leaf veins
Dicotyledons have reticulated leaf veins (they’re all interconnected and form a web-like network throughout the leaf)
Flowering plants
Reproduce sexually by means of flowers and seeds
Seeds are produced inside the ovary found at the base of the flower
Can be divided into two groups – monocotyledons & dicotyledons
what and how viruses work?
- Not considered living
- x carry out the 7 processes
- Virus structure is simply genetic material (RNA or DNA) inside a protein coat
