Chapther 23 Abodominal, Hematological, Gynecologic, Genitourinary and renal emergency

Question 1

the largest artery in the abdominal cavity

Answer 1

abdominal aorta

Question 2

when the large blood vessel (aorta) that supplies blood to the abdomen, pelvis, and legs becomes abnormally large or balloons outward.

Answer 2

abdominal aortic aneurysm

Question 3

largest hollow space of the body. Its upper boundary is the diaphragm, a sheet of muscle and connective tissue that separates it from the chest cavity; its lower boundary is the upper plane of the pelvic cavity.

Answer 3

abdominal cavity

Question 4

a sudden, severe abdominal pain of unclear etiology that is less than 24 hours in duration.

Answer 4

acute abdomen

Question 5

swelling (inflammation) of the appendix. The appendix is a small pouch attached to the beginning of your large intestine.

Answer 5

appendicitis

Question 6

a pain in the right upper quadrant or epigastric region. The gallbladder may be tender and distended.

Answer 6

cholcytstis

Question 7

one of the two fluids used in dialysis. The other fluid being blood.

Answer 7

dialysate

Question 8

procedure that is a substitute for many of the normal duties of the kidneys.

Answer 8

dialysis

Question 9

a medical condition of pain during menstruation that interferes with daily activities

Answer 9

dysmenorrhea

Question 10

is an often painful disorder in which tissue that normally lines the inside of your uterus

Answer 10

endometriosis

Question 11

an inflammation or irritation of the lining of the uterus

Answer 11

endometeritis

Question 12

extremely dilated sub-mucosal veins in the lower third of the esophagus

Answer 12

esophageal varices

Question 13

a catchall term for infection or irritation of the digestive tract, particularly the stomach and intestine

Answer 13

gastroenteritis

Question 14

the organ system of the reproductive organs and the urinary system.

Answer 14

genitourinary system

Question 15

knees drawn to the chest and hands clenched over the abdomen

Answer 15

guarded position

Question 16

medical practice dealing with the health of the female reproductive system (uterus, vagina, and ovaries).

Answer 16

gynecology

Question 17

the vomiting of blood

Answer 17

hematemesis

Question 18

defecation in which feces are bloody

Answer 18

hematochezia

Question 19

is the presence of red blood cells (erythrocytes) in the urine

Answer 19

hematuria

Question 20

protrusion of an organ or the fascia of an organ through the wall of the cavity that normally contains it.

Answer 20

hernia

Question 21

is a partial or complete blockage of the bowel that prevents the contents of the intestine from passing through

Answer 21

intestinal obstruction

Question 22

abdominal wall muscle contraction that the patient cannot control, as a result of an inflamed peritoneum

Answer 22

involuntary guarding

Question 23

the patient stands on his or her toes, then allows his or her heels to hit the floor, thus jarring the body and causing abdominal pain in peritonitis.

Answer 23

Markel test

Question 24

the passage of dark stools stained with altered blood

Answer 24

melena

Question 25

the first menstrual cycle, or first menstrual bleeding, in female humans

Answer 25

menarche

Question 26

the periodic flow of blood and mucosal tissue from the uterus; menstrual flow.

Answer 26

menses

Question 27

a medical term for “ovulation pain” or “midcycle pain”.

Answer 27

mittelschmerz

Question 28

an inflammation of the pancreas

Answer 28

pancreatitis

Question 29

a sharp sensation of distress in the parietal pleura, aggravated by respiration and thoracic movements and caused by pneumonia

Answer 29

parietal pain

Question 30

a term for inflammation of the uterus, fallopian tubes, and/or ovaries as it progresses to scar formation

Answer 30

pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

Question 31

a semi-permeable membrane that lines the abdominal wall (parietal peritoneum) and covers the abdominal organs (visceral peritoneum).

Answer 31

peritoneum

Question 32

is an inflammation of the membrane which lines the inside of the abdomen and all of the internal organs

Answer 32

peritonitis

Question 33

term used to describe the phenomenon of pain perceived at a site adjacent to or at a distance from the site of an injury’s …

Answer 33

referred pain

Question 34

stones in the kidneys or ureters that have been formed by precipitation from a substance in the urine.

Answer 34

renal calculi

Question 35

Stiffness, the property of a solid body to resist deformation, which is sometimes referred to as

Answer 35

rigidity

Question 36

a type of nociceptive pain. Unlike visceral pain (another type of nociceptive pain), the nerves that detect _______ pain are located in the skin and deep tissues. These specialized nerves, called nociceptors, pick up sensations related to temperature, vibration and swelling in the skin, joints and muscles.

Answer 36

somatic pain

Question 37

open sores that develop on the inside lining of your esophagus, stomach and the upper portion of your small intestine

Answer 37

ulcers

Question 38

the navel; the scar marking the site of attachment of the umbilical cord in the fetus

Answer 38

umbilicus

Question 39

medical specialty concerned with the urinary system in the male and female and genital organs in the male.

Answer 39

urology

Question 40

results from the the activation of nociceptors of the thoracic, pelvic, or abdominal viscera (organs).

Answer 40

visceral pain

Question 41

when a patient contracts the abdominal muscle in an anticipation of pain

Answer 41

voluntary guarding

Question 42

hollow, dilated part of the digestion system which functions as an important organ of the digestive tract

Answer 42

Stomach

Question 43

the first section of the small intestine and is largely responsible for the breakdown of food in the small intestine, using enzymes

Answer 43

Duodeum

Question 44

part of the gastrointestinal tract following the stomach and followed by the large intestine, and is where much of the digestion and absorption of food takes place. It receives bile juice and pancreatic juice through the hepatopancreatic duct, controlled by Sphincter of oddi.

Answer 44

Small intestine

Question 45

part of the digestive system. Its function is to absorb water from the remaining indigestible food matter, and then to pass useless waste material from the body.[

Answer 45

Large intestine

Question 46

a wide range of functions, including detoxification, protein synthesis, and production of biochemicals necessary for digestion.

Answer 46

Liver

Question 47

a small organ where bile is stored, before it is released into the small intestine. In humans, the loss of the gallbladder, in most cases, is easily tolerated by the body.

Answer 47

Gallbladder

Question 48

an organ that’s Similar in structure to a large lymph node, it acts primarily as a blood filter

Answer 48

Spleen

Question 49

It is both an endocrine gland producing several important hormones, including insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, and pancreatic polypeptide, and a digestive organ, secreting pancreatic juice containing digestive enzymes that assist the absorption of nutrients and the digestion in the small intestine.

Answer 49

Pancreas

Question 50

organs that serve several essential regulatory roles in vertebrate animals. They are essential in the urinary system and also serve homeostatic functions such as the regulation of electrolytes, maintenance of acid–base balance, and regulation of blood pressure (via maintaining salt and water balance). They serve the body as a natural filter of the blood, and remove wastes, which are diverted to the urinary bladder

Answer 50

Kidney

Question 51

a hollow organ in your lower abdomen that stores urine

Answer 51

urinary bladder

Question 52

what condition can cause acute abdominal pain?

Answer 52

peritonitis 
appendicitis 
pancreatitis 
gastroenteritis 
abdominal aortic aneurysm
hernia
cholcytstis