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Abdominal Imaging 115/112 > Chapters 9 and 10- Vessels > Flashcards

Chapters 9 and 10- Vessels Flashcards

1
Q

3 layers of aorta and vein

A

tunica adventitia, tunica media, tunica intima

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2
Q

The tunica media is thicker in arteries because of

A

pressure from the heart

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3
Q

fluid and blood show up black on ultrasound. this is called?

A

Anechoic

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4
Q

bone shows up bright white on ultrasound. this is called?

A

hyperechoic

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5
Q

Tissue that is darker than the surrounding tissue is referred to as

A

Hypoechoic

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5
Q

where is the Celiac Access/trunk in relation to the Superior Mesenteric Artery?

A

Superior

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6
Q

Describe the location of the aorta.

A

It runs superior to inferior along the left of the spine.

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6
Q

The first branch of the aorta

A

Celiac artery/access/trunk

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6
Q

The third branch of the aorta

A

R and L Renal arteries

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7
Q

Celiac artery/access/trunk branches location

A

Arises below the liver and branches into the common hepatic, splenic, L gastric arteries.

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8
Q

Superior Mesenteric Artery location

A

Inferior to the celiac axis and runs parallel to aorta

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9
Q

What is the difference between the paths of the Right and Left Renal arteries?

A

Right runs posterior to IVC, Left runs straight to L kidney.

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10
Q

What organs are supplied by the Superior Mesenteric Artery?

A

small bowel, cecum, ascending colon and part of transverse colon.

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11
Q

What organs are supplied by the R and L Renal arteries?

A

kidney, adrenal glands, ureter

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12
Q

Second branch of the aorta

A

Superior Mesenteric Artery

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13
Q

When looking at a Transverse ultrasound, which main vessel is on the Patient’s Right?

A

The IVC

14
Q

In a sagittal ultrasound, which structure appears more anterior? The IVC or Aorta

A

The IVC

15
Q

Describe the course of the IVC

A

It courses from inferior to superior into the right atrium of the heart.

16
Q

Name the four sections of the IVC

A

Hepatic, Pre-Renal, Renal, and Post-Renal

17
Q

What is different about the brances of the IVC that are on the left side?

A

The left side brances/veins must go around the aorta

18
Q

What is the normal diameter of the Right renal vein

A

5.5 cm

19
Q

What is the normal diameter of the IVC?

A

2.5 cm

20
Q

What is the normal length of the Left iliac Vein?

A

7.5 cm

21
Q

The pressure is lower in the IVC than the aorta. How does the blood in veins circulate?

A

With respiration and changes in thoracic pressure.

22
Q

Does the IVC have valves?

A

no. valves are found in extremities such as arms or legs.

23
Q

The IVC should not exceed a diameter of

A

3.7 cm

24
Q

Why do veins contain valves?

A

The momentim of blood (when the heart is in systole) forces the valves open and when the momentum decreases (during diastole), the valves close to prevent backflow of blood

25
Q

What are the three variants of the IVC that could be considered normal

A

A double IVC, left-positioned IVC, or rarely an absence of the IVC

26
Q

What is Hematocrit? What might it indicate?

A

Percentage of RBC to whole blood used to measure bleeding from the arterial system. An abnormal decrease in RBC may also point to bleeding.

27
Q

Levels of cholesterol and lipids in the aorta might indicate..?

A

The potential for pathology.

28
Q

What does the Celiac Artery split into?

A

The Common Hepatic Artery and the Splenic Artery. The left gastric artery also branches off.

29
Q

what is an aorta greater than 3 cm considered?

A

aneurysm

30
Q

an IVC greater than 3.7 might indicate what pathology?

A

congestive heart failure

31
Q

Where does the aorta leave the heart?

A

Left ventricle

32
Q

Where does the IVC enter the heart?

A

Right atrium

Abdominal Imaging 115/112 (8 decks)

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