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Abdominal Imaging 115/112 > Chapter 11- Portal System > Flashcards

Chapter 11- Portal System Flashcards

1
Q

Does the Portal vein connect to aorta or IVC?

A

Neither, it ends at a cellular level.

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2
Q

Do the hepatic veins connect to the aorta or IVC?

A

The hepatic veins drain the liver into the IVC

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3
Q

Describe how the Portal Vein will look sonographically

A

The portal vein has very hyperechoic walls due to fibrous capsule and high collagen content.
Inside of the vessel should be anechoic.

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4
Q

What is the normal diameter of the Portal vein

A

13 mm

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5
Q

What three vessels make the portal triad

A

Portal vein, Common Bile Duct, Hepatic Artery

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6
Q

What Tributaries create the portal vein?

A

Splenic Vein, Inferior Mesenteric Vein, and Superior Mesenteric Vein

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7
Q

Are the Portal Veins Inter-segmental or Intra-segmental?

A

Intra-Segmental. They flow within the segments

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8
Q

Are the Hepatic Veins Inter-segmental or Intra-segmental?

A

Inter-Segmental. They flow between the segments.

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9
Q

Where does the portal vein arise from?

A

It rises from the vitelline network and punctures through the fibrous Glisson’s capsule of the liver and is sheathed with the fibrous lining.

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10
Q

What is the function of the portal vein?

A

It brings blood from the bowel and abdominal organs to the liver for metabolism and detoxification

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11
Q

Where is the liver’s main blood supply (about 70%) from?

A

The portal vein

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12
Q

Portal system drains blood from what organs?

A

The Spleen, Pancreas, Gallbladder,
and GI tract (not rectum)

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13
Q

What does the Superior Mesenteric Vein do?

A

Courses from inferior to superior. It Drains the small intestine and portions of the large intestine

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14
Q

What does the Inferior Mesenteric Vein do?

A

It courses inferior to superior and drains the large intestine and empties blood into the splenic vein. It can drain directly into the SMV or the Splenic Confluence

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15
Q

What does the splenic vein do?

A

It courses medial to lateral draining the spleen.

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16
Q

What structure is used as a landmark for the pancreas and why?

A

The Portal System, specifically the splenic vein because it is directly posterior to the pancreas.

17
Q

What is the physiology of the Portal System?

A

It brings nutrient-rich blood from the abdominal organs and bowel to the liver for metabolism and detoxification.

18
Q

The Main Portal Vein courses superiorly. How long is the MPV?

A

5-6 cm

19
Q

Which vessels enter and which leave the liver through Porta Hepatis.

A

The Portal Vein and Hepatic Artery enter the liver. the Common Bile Duct leaves the liver carrying blood to the digestive tract.

20
Q

Describe the Left Branch of Portal Vein

A

It courses horizontally, branches into the lateral and medial divisions, and feeds the left and caudate lobe of liver.

21
Q

What is different about the sizes of the Left and Right Portal Vein?

A

The Left PV is Longer and Narrower

22
Q

Describe the Right Branch of the Portal Vein

A

It courses to the right and feeds the right lobe of the liver. It branches into the anterior and posterior sections.

23
Q

The normal diameter of the portal vein should not exceed…?

A

1.3 cm or 13 mm

24
Q

What is the function of the hepatic veins? Do they connect to the Portal System

A

They drain blood from the liver to the IVC. They do NOT connect to the Portal System

25
Q

In embryology, the portal vein is fully developed by which week of pregnancy?

A

The 8th week

26
Q

Coursing superiorly, how long is the main portal vein?

A

5-6 cm

27
Q

What vessels create the “Mickey Mouse” Sign on a transverse image?

A

Portal Vein, Hepatic Artery, CBD

28
Q

Do any of the vessels the portal triad split off at any point? Why?

A

No, they’re encased in a fiberous sheath that holds the vessels together

29
Q

What do the hepatic veins do?

A

Drain blood from the liver and empty into the IVC

30
Q

What does the Hepatic Artery do

A

brings oxygenated blood into the liver

31
Q

What does the portal vein do?

A

Supplies nutrient-rich blood to the liver for metabolism and detoxification

32
Q

What does the bile duct do?

A

Carries bile from the liver to the gallbladder and from being stored in the gallbladder to the digestive tract.

33
Q

Which vein (portal or hepatic) appears with hyperechoic walls because of their high collagen content and sheath covering?

A

Portal Veins

34
Q

Describe Hepatopetal blood flow

A

blood that flows toward the liver

35
Q

Describe Hepatofugal blood flow

A

blood that flows away from the liver

36
Q

The bifurcation of the Right Portal Vein is best seen in which scan plane?

A

Sagittal

37
Q

What does the SMV empty into?

A

The PSC

Abdominal Imaging 115/112 (8 decks)

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