Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Nutrition > Chapters 9-12 > Flashcards

Chapters 9-12 Flashcards

1
Q

Megadoses of vitamins are

safe to take, if the vitamins are water soluble

useful for preventing chronic diseases

available naturally from a wide variety of foods

most often consumed from supplements

A

most often consumed from supplements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Vitamins

are metabolized to yield energy

occur in gram amounts in foods

are organic molecules

are macronutrients

A

are organic molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

People who are unable to absorb fat are likely to develop a __________ deficiency.

vitamin A

folate

vitamin B-12

riboflavin

A

vitamin A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Enriched grain products have specific amounts of __________ added during processing.

vitamin C

vitamin A

vitamin B-12

thiamin

A

thiamin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which of the following foods is not a rich source of beta-carotene?

Beef

Carrots

Squash

Sweet potato

A

Beef

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

A deficiency of vitamin A contributes to

inadequate blood clotting

night blindness

sickle cell anemia

pellagra

A

night blindness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The most active form of vitamin A in the body is

retinol

retinal

retinoic acid.

cholecalciferol

A

retinol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Children who lack vitamin D can develop

pellagra

rickets

beriberi

scurvy

A

rickets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The most active form of vitamin D is called

cholecalciferol.

calcitriol

calcidiol

ergocalciferol.

A

calcitriol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Vitamin D deficiency is most likely in

an infant being breastfed

a child living in Florida

a child who drinks fat-free milk

an infant exposed to sunlight only 30 minutes per day

A

an infant being breastfed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Vitamin K can be produced by

skin exposure to ultraviolet radiation.

hydrolysis of seawater

intestinal bacteria

conversion of lactic acid into lactate

A

intestinal bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which of the following vitamins is the most potent antioxidant?

Folate

Vitamin K

Vitamin E

Vitamin B-6

A

Vitamin E

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The form of vitamin K found in spinach and kale is called

menaquinone

phylloquinone

menadione.

alpha-tocopherol

A

phylloquinone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

. __________ may interfere with blood thinning medications, so supplements should generally be avoided.

Vitamin A

Vitamin D

Vitamin E

Vitamin K

A

Vitamin K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which of the following descriptions of cystic fibrosis is false?

A genetic condition affecting the respiratory and digestive systems

A condition leading to excess mucus secretion and buildup

A condition likely to cause a deficiency in fat-soluble vitamins

A condition that can be cured by taking antioxidant supplements

A

A condition that can be cured by taking antioxidant supplements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which of the following is not a fat soluble vitamin

vitamin A

folate

vitamin E

vitamin D

A

folate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

A substance with an unpaired electron is called a______

oxidant

free radical

antioxidant

vitamin

A

free radical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Osteomalacia is the adult form of vitamin A deficiency

True

False

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The form of vitamin K found in spinach and kale is called

menadione

menaquinone

alpha-tocopherol

phylloquinone

A

phylloquinone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Vitamin E is an antioxidant

true

false

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The form of vitamin K found in spinach and kale is called

menadione

menaquinone

alpha-tocopherol

phylloquinone

A

phylloquinone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Which of the following is not a rich source of beta-carotene

beef

sweet potato

squash

carrot

A

beef

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Children who lack vitamin D can develop

beriberi

pellagra

scurvy

rickets

A

rickets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Megadoses of vitamins are

safe to take, if the vitamins are water soluble

most often consumed from supplements

available naturally from a wide variety of foods

useful for preventing chronic disease

A

most often consumed from supplements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Lack of ____ causes scurvy

thiamin

riobflavin

vitamin C

vitamin B 12

A

vitamin C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Major food sources of vitamin B-12 include

grain products

meat and milk products

fruits and vegetables

nuts and seeds

A

meat and milk products

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Diets that lack niacin can lead to

rickets

beriberi

pellagra

pernicious anemia

A

pellagra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

To reduce the likelihood of giving birth to babies with neural tube defects, women of childbearing potential should obtain adequate

folate

biotin

cellulose

niacin

A

folate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

____ is part of pyridoxal phosphate (PLP), the coenzyme necessary for transamination and deamination reactions.

Vitamin B6

Vitamin B-12

Niacin

Riboflavin

A

Vitamin B6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Physicians often prescribe therapeutic doses of ____ to treat abnormal blood lipid levels.

vitamin C

vitamin B-12

folate

niacin

A

niacin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

____ is a component of coenzyme A.

Vitamin B-6

Riboflavin

Pantothenic acid

Biotin

A

Pantothenic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Which of the following statements is false?

Intrinsic factor is needed for vitamin B-12 absorption

Vitamin B-12 deficiency is common among older adults

Patients with pernicious anemia are treated with high doses of folic acid

If untreated, pernicious anemia can be deadly

A

Patients with pernicious anemia are treated with high doses of folic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Which of the following foods is a rich source of vitamin C?

Whole milk

Egg white

Hamburger patty

Green pepper

A

Green pepper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Eating large amounts of raw egg whites can cause a ____ deficiency.

folate

biotin

pantothenic acid

riboflavin

A

biotin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Deficiency in which of the following vitamins can lead to elevated blood homocysteine?

Folate, vitamin B-12, and vitamin B-6

Thiamin, niacin, and vitamin B-12

Vitamin B-6, folate, and riboflavin

Vitamin C, niacin, and vitamin B-12

A

Folate, vitamin B-12, and vitamin B-6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Which of the following practices may reduce your risk of cancer?

Eating fruits and vegetables

Eating grilled meats regularly

Smoking no more than 10 cigarettes daily

Consuming two to three standard alcoholic drinks daily

A

Eating fruits and vegetables

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

____ is essential for neurotransmitter and phospholipid synthesis.

Lipoic acid

Choline

Inositol

Taurine

A

Choline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Glossitis and cheilosis are clinical signs of a ____ deficiency.

vitamin B-6

pantothenic acid

riboflavin

folate

A

riboflavin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

___ can be made from the amino acid tryptophan.

Vitamin B-6

Vitamin C

Thiamin

Niacin

A

Niacin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Physicians often prescribe angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors to treat high blood pressure.

T/F

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

All of the following are common signs of dehydration EXCEPT:

Clear urine color

Dry or sticky mouth

sunken eyes

Heart palpitations

A

Clear urine color

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Major minerals are called “major” not because of their relative importance to health, but because they are needed in greater amounts in the diet.

True

False

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Which of the following is NOT a major mineral?

Zinc

Calcium

Sulfur

Chloride

A

Zinc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Select the trace mineral that is important for the function of over 300 enzymes.

Iron

Selenium

Fluoride

Zinc

A

Zinc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Individuals with hereditary hemochromatosis absorb too much

copper

Zinc

Iron

molybdenum

A

Iron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Fluoridated drinking water provides approximately 80% of fluoride intake.

True

False

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

A rare inherited disorder characterized by accumulation of toxic amounts of copper in the body.
Group of answer choices

Wilson disease

Keshan disease

Cretinism

Goiter

A

Wilson disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Seaweed is a good dietary source for:

Iron

Manganese

Copper

Fluoride

A

Manganese

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Which of the following lists includes only trace minerals?

Selenium, sodium, zinc, and iodide

Iron, iodide, selenium, and chromium

Calcium, copper, chromium, and phosphorus

Magnesium, molybdenum, potassium, and iron

A

Iron, iodide, selenium, and chromium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Iron absorption can be increased by

consuming unleavened bread with the source of iron

drinking tea with the source of iron

adding a food that contains vitamin C to the meal

taking a calcium supplement with the meal.

A

adding a food that contains vitamin C to the meal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Sources of heme iron include

fortified breakfast cereal

roast beef

fresh spinach

raw orange segments.

A

roast beef

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

Worldwide, which of the following nutrient deficiencies is the most common cause of preventable intellectual disability?

Chromium

Iodine

Iron

Zinc

A

Iodine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

Which of the following statements is false?

In the United States, milk is usually fortified with iodide

Iodine is necessary for normal thyroid function

Having too much iodine in the diet can cause a goiter

Saltwater fish and other seafood are dietary sources of iodine

A

In the United States, milk is usually fortified with iodide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

Which of the following statements is false?

Zinc is important for the proper functioning of over 300 enzymes

Zinc deficiency can stunt growth and lead to dwarfism

Zinc deficiency can cause a lack of appetite and impaired sense of taste.

Zinc intake is critical during pregnancy for preventing cretinism

A

Zinc intake is critical during pregnancy for preventing cretinism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

Selenium deficiency can lead to

Group of answer choices

Wilson disease

selenosis.

microcytic anemia

Kashin-Beck disease

A

Kashin-Beck disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Which nutrient can remineralize the tooth surface and prevent cavities?

Chromium

Fluoride

Iron

Iodide

A

Fluoride

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

Chromium is important for

maintaining proper carbohydrate and lipid metabolism

synthesizing hemoglobin and myoglobin.

supporting normal thyroid function

developing healthy teeth.

A

maintaining proper carbohydrate and lipid metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

The presence of _____ in a food decreases zinc bioavailability.

phytic acid

glutamic acid

ascorbic acid

lactic acid

A

phytic acid

60
Q

Garlicky body odor is a sign of

iron deficiency

hemochromatosis.

selenosis

iodine toxicity

61
Q

Which of the following enzymes contains molybdenum?

Alcohol dehydrogenase

Sucrase

Lactase

Sulfite oxidase

A

Sulfite oxidase

62
Q

Antoine’s eyes have Kayser-Fleischer rings. Based on this information, Antoine has

iron depletion disease

Wilson disease

Kashan-Beck disease

Keshan disease.

A

Wilson disease

63
Q

People who have hereditary hemochromatosis absorb too much

iron

copper.

zinc

vanadium

64
Q

In the United States, table salt is often fortified with

iron

selenium

zinc

iodine

65
Q

what is the trace mineral that has this function:

Component of an antioxidant system

iodine
selenium
fluoride
iron
zinc
copper
chromium
manganese

66
Q

what is the trace mineral that has this function:

Component of thyroid hormones

iodine
selenium
fluoride
iron
zinc
copper
chromium
manganese

67
Q

what is the trace mineral that has this function:

Increases resistance of tooth enamel to cavity formation and stimulates bone formation

iodine
selenium
fluoride
iron
zinc
copper
chromium
manganese

68
Q

what is the trace mineral that has this function:

enhances insulin action

iodine
selenium
fluoride
iron
zinc
copper
chromium
manganese

69
Q

what is the trace mineral that has this function:

cofactor for certain enzymes, including some involved in carbohydrate metabolism

iodine
selenium
fluoride
iron
zinc
copper
chromium
manganese

70
Q

what is the trace mineral that has this function:

Component of hemoglobin and myoglobin that carries oxygen, energy generation, and immune system function

iodine
selenium
fluoride
iron
zinc
copper
chromium
manganese

71
Q

what is the trace mineral that has this function:

Component of numerous enzymes

iodine
selenium
fluoride
iron
zinc
copper
chromium
manganese

72
Q

what is the trace mineral that has this function:

promotes iron metabolism, component of antioxidant enzymes, and component of enzymes involved in connective tissue synthesis

iodine
selenium
fluoride
iron
zinc
copper
chromium
manganese

73
Q

what trace mineral deficiency is characterized by:

cretinism

iodine
selenium
fluoride
iron
zinc
copper
chromium
manganese

74
Q

what trace mineral deficiency is characterized by:

keshan disease, kashin-beck disease, selenosis

iodine
selenium
fluoride
iron
zinc
copper
chromium
manganese

75
Q

what trace mineral deficiency is characterized by:

wilson disease

iodine
selenium
fluoride
iron
zinc
copper
chromium
manganese

76
Q

Worldwide, which of the following nutrient deficiencies is the most common cause of preventable intellectual disability
a. chromium
b. iodine
c. iron
d. zinc

77
Q

Which of the following statements is false?

a. zinc is important for the proper functioning of over 50 enzymes
b. zinc deficiency can stunt growth and lead to dwarfism
c. zinc deficiency can cause a lack of appetite and impaired sense of taste
d. zinc intake is critical during pregnancy for preventing cretinism

A

d. zinc intake is critical during pregnancy for preventing cretinism

78
Q

Selenium deficiency can lead to

a. Wilsons disease
b. selenosis
c. microcytic anemia
d. kashin-beck disease

A

d. kashin-beck disease

79
Q

Chromium is important for

a. maintaining proper carbohydrate and lipid metabolism
b. synthesizing hemoglobin and myoglobin
c. supporting normal thyroid function
d. developing healthy teeth

A

a. maintaining proper carbohydrate and lipid metabolism

80
Q

The presence of ______ in a food decreases zinc bioavailability

a. physic acid
b. glutamic acid
c. ascorbic acid
d. lactic acid

A

a. phytic acid

81
Q

Which of the following enzymes contains molybdenum?

a. alcohol dehydrogenase
b. sucrase
c. lactase
d. sulfite oxidase

A

d. sulfite oxidase

82
Q

People who have hereditary hemochromatosis absorb too much
a. iron
b. copper
c. zinc
d. vanadium

83
Q

True/False: The bioavailability of heme iron is greater than that of nonheme iron

84
Q

True/False: Symptoms of zinc deficiency include the inability to sense the taste of blood

85
Q

True/False: Deficiencies in selenium are common in the United States

86
Q

iron containing component of hemoglobin and myoglobin

heme
myoglobin
cytochrome
heme iron

87
Q

iron-containing protein in muscle cells that control oxygen uptake from RBCs

heme
myoglobin
cytochrome
heme iron

88
Q

group of proteins necessary for certain chemical reactions involved in the release of energy from macronutrients

heme
myoglobin
cytochrome
heme iron

A

cytochrome

89
Q

form of iron found in meat that is absorbed efficiently

heme
myoglobin
cytochrome
heme iron
nonheme iron

90
Q

form of iron that is not absorbed as efficiently; found in meat, veggies, grains, supplements, and fortified or enriched foods

heme
myoglobin
cytochrome
heme iron
nonheme iron

A

nonheme iron

91
Q

major storage form of iron; serum concentrations are used to assess iron status

heme
myoglobin
ferritin
heme iron

92
Q

transport protein for iron in the bloodstream

ferritin
transferrin
transferrin receptor
total body iron

A

transferrin

93
Q

membrane-bound receptor that attaches to iron; used to measure iron status

ferritin
transferrin
transferrin receptor
total body iron

A

transferrin receptor

94
Q

method of accessing iron status; the ratio of blood transferrin receptor to ferritin

ferritin
transferrin
transferrin receptor
total body iron

A

total body iron

95
Q

third stage of iron deficiency, characterized by a lack of RBCs or the production of RBCs that do not contain enough hemoglobin

iron deficiency anemia
hypochromic
microcytic
iron overload

A

iron deficiency anemia

96
Q

inherited genetic defect that causes people to absorb too much iron

iron overload
iron deficiency anemia
hereditary hemochromatosis
goiter

A

hereditary hemochromatosis

97
Q

compounds in food that inhibit iodide metabolism by the thyroid gland

goitrogens
cretenism
glutathione peroxidase
selenoproteins

A

goitrogens

98
Q

condition in infants who are born to iodine-deficient women; infants have permanent brain damage and growth retardation

cretinism
keshan disease
kashin-beck disease
selenosis

99
Q

family of selenoproteins that have antioxidant function

selenoproteins
glutathione peroxidase
cuproenzymes
transferrin

A

glutathione peroxidase

100
Q

disease of heart muscle associated with selenium deficiency

kashin-beck disease
selenosis
keshan disease
dental fluorosis

A

keshan disease

101
Q

form of osteoarthritis caused by selenium deficiency, leads to joint deformity and dwarfism

kashin-beck disease
selenosis
keshan disease
dental fluorosis

A

kashin-beck disease

102
Q

selenium toxicity

kashin-beck disease
selenosis
keshan disease
dental fluorosis

103
Q

group of enzymes that require copper to function

selenoproteins
glutathione peroxidase
ferritin
cuproenzymes

A

cuproenzymes

104
Q

a rare inherited disorder characterized by accumulation of toxic amounts of copper in the body

keshan disease
kashin-beck disease
hypothyroidism
wilson’s disease

A

wilson’s disease

105
Q

Which of the following statements is false?
a. lean tissue contains more water than fat tissue
b. water is a major solvent
c. generally, young women have more body water than young men
d. water does not provide energy

A

c. generally, young women have more body water than young men

106
Q

If the extracellular fluid has an excess of sodium ions,

a. sodium ions move into cells
b. intracellular fluid moves to the outside of cells
c. phosphate and calcium ions are eliminated in feces
d. blood levels of arsenic and oxalate increase

A

b. intracellular fluid moves to the outside of cells

107
Q

For the average, healthy adult, which of the following accounts for the greatest percentage of a person’s total daily water output?
a. feces
b. sweat
c. expired air
d. urine

108
Q

Which of the following statements concerning antidiuretic hormone is false?

a. ADH is secreted in response to dehydration
b. ADH is secreted from the pancreas
c. ADH stimulates reabsorption of water from the kidneys
d. ADH maintains normal fluid balance

A

b. ADH is secreted from the pancreas

109
Q

Water intoxication
a. develops over several days
b. results in high blood sodium levels
c. causes dizziness, headache, and confusion
d. is more common than dehydration

A

c. causes dizziness, headache, and confusion

110
Q

Major minerals
a. are more important to human health than trace minerals
b. are required in quantities greater than 100 mg daily
c. include calcium, iron, zinc, and iodine
d. may be nonessential nutrients

A

b. are required in quantities greater than 100 mg daily

111
Q

Which of the following foods is not a good source of calcium
a. broccoli
b. olive oil
c. low-fat yogurt
d. canned sardines

A

b. olive oil

112
Q

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

a. is secreted in response to high blood calcium levels
b. stimulates activity of osteoblast cells
c. inhibits calcium excretion from the kidneys
d. is secreted from the thyroid gland

A

c. inhibits calcium excretion from the kidneys

113
Q

Henry is concerned about the risk of osteoporosis. Which of the following characteristics is a modifiable risk factor for this chronic condition?

a. family history
b. racial/ethnic background
c. physical activity level
d. age

A

c. physical activity level

114
Q

The primary source of sodium in the typical American’s diet is
a. processed foods
b. vegetables
c. fruits
d. grains

A

a. processed foods

115
Q

Which of the following populations has the greatest risk of hypertension?

a. people with African-american ancestry
b. young, physically active asian men
c. hispanic women who do not drink alcohol
d. young adults who consume large amounts of fruits

A

a. people with African-american ancestry

116
Q

Which of the following statements concerning potassium is false?

a. high intake is associated with hypertension
b. fruits and vegetables are rich dietary sources
c. it is the primary positively charged ion in the intracellular fluid
d. deficiency may result from severe and prolonged vomiting

A

a. high intake is associated with hypertension

117
Q

The mineral found in chlorophyll, the green pigment in plants, is
a. phosphorus
b. chloride
c. sulfur
d. magnesium

A

d. magnesium

118
Q

Which mineral is a component of the amino acids cystine and methionine?
a. phosphorus
b. chloride
c. sulfur
d, magnesium

119
Q

True/False: Dark urine, confusion, and rapid weigh loss are all common signs of dehydration.

120
Q

Iron is an example of a major mineral.

T/F

121
Q

Weight-bearing exercise can reduce the risk of osteoporosis.

T/F

122
Q

Consuming too much sodium may contribute to high blood pressure

T/F

123
Q

Fresh fruits and vegetables are rich sources of potassium.

T/F

124
Q

hormone secreted from pituitary glands in response to dehydration; stimulates kidneys to conserve water

antidiuretic hormone
aldosterone
renin
angiotensin II

A

antidiuretic hormone

125
Q

hormone secreted from adrenal glands in response to dehydration; stimulates kidneys to conserve sodium and water

antidiuretic hormone
aldosterone
renin
angiotensin II

A

aldosterone

126
Q

enzyme secreted in response to low blood volume and falling blood pressure

antidiuretic hormone
aldosterone
renin
angiotensin II

127
Q

protein secreted in response to low blood volume and falling blood pressure

antidiuretic hormone
aldosterone
renin
angiotensin II

A

angiotensin II

128
Q

substance that contributes to the constriction of blood vessels

vasoconstrictor
diuretic
phytic acid
oxalic acid

A

vasoconstrictor

129
Q

substance that increases urine production

vasoconstrictor
diuretic
phytic acid
oxalic acid

130
Q

substance found in grains, seeds, and beans that interferes with mineral absorption

vasoconstrictor
diuretic
phytic acid
oxalic acid

A

phytic acid

131
Q

substance found in spinach, collard greens, and sweet potatoes that interferes with mineral absorption

vasoconstrictor
diuretic
phytic acid
oxalic acid

A

oxalic acid

132
Q

condition that occurs when too much water is consumed in a short time period or kidneys have difficulty filtering water from blood

water intoxication
hypoatermia
hypercalcemia
hyperphosphatemia

A

water intoxicaiton

133
Q

low blood sodium

water intoxication
hypoatermia
hypercalcemia
hyperphosphatemia

A

hyponatremia

134
Q

high blood calcium

water intoxication
hypoatermia
hypercalcemia
hyperphosphatemia

A

hypercalcemia

135
Q

high blood phosphorus levels

vwater intoxication
hypoatermia
hypercalcemia
hyperphosphatemia

A

hyperphosphatemia

136
Q

bone cells that break down bone tissue

osteoclasts
calcitonin
osteoblasts
hydroxyapatite

A

osteoclasts
calcitonin
osteoblasts
hydroxyapatite

137
Q

hormone secreted by the thyroid gland when blood calcium levels are too high

osteoclasts
calcitonin
osteoblasts
hydroxyapatite

A

calcitonin

138
Q

bone cells that add bone to where the tissue is needed

osteoclasts
calcitonin
osteoblasts
hydroxyapatite

A

osteoblasts

139
Q

crystalline structure that forms on the collagen protein complex as bone is made

osteoclasts
calcitonin
osteoblasts
hydroxyapatite

A

hydroxyapatite

140
Q

protein necessary for absorption of calcium in the small intestine

hydroxyapatite
calcium-binding protein
angiotensin II
glutathione

A

calcium-binding protein

141
Q

sulfur-containing antioxidant molecule

hydroxyapatite
calcium-binding protein
angiotensin II
glutathione

A

glutathione

142
Q

maximum blood pressure within an artery that occurs when the ventricles contract

diastolic pressure
systolic pressure
resistant hypertension
hypokalemia

A

systolic pressure

143
Q

pressure in an artery that occurs when the ventricles relax between contractions

diastolic pressure
systolic pressure
resistant hypertension
hypokalemia

A

diastolic pressure

144
Q

blood pressure that remains uncontrolled while taking at least three medications or is controlled only through continued used of four or more medications

diastolic pressure
systolic pressure
resistant hypertension
hypokalemia

A

resistant hypertension

145
Q

low blood potassium

hypokalemia
hyperkalemia
hypermagnesemia

A

hypokalemia

146
Q

high blood potassium

hypokalemia
hyperkalemia
hypermagnesemia

A

hyperkalemia

147
Q

high blood magnesium

hypokalemia
hyperkalemia
hypermagnesemia

A

hypermagnesemia

Nutrition (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions