Chapters 7 and 9 Ionic bonding Flashcards
what are valence electrons
electrons in the highest occupied energy level
How do you draw an electron dot structure?
1 on each side then double up
how do you tell how many valence electrons are in a representative element
the group number
what are cations
positively charged ions
what type of atoms makes cations
metal
how are cations named
name ion
what are the Roman numerals for
transition metals that have more than one ionization energy
what are anions
negatively charged ions
what type of atom makes anions
nonmetals
what suffix does a monatomic anion have
ide
what are two exceptions to ide monatomic
hydroxide
cyanide
what suffixes to polyatomic cations hve
ite
ate
which polyatomic suffix has one less oxygen than the other
ite
what do groups 1a-3a make
cations
what do groups 5a-7a make
anions
what is the octet rule
the atoms lose or gain electrons to have 8 valence electrons
what are the exceptions to the octet rule
H, He, Li, Be, B
what is the charge of silver
Ag +
what is the charge of cadmium
Cd 2+
what is the charge of zinc
Zn 2+
Ammonium
NH4 +
nitrite
NO2 -
Nitrate
NO3 -
Cyanide
CN -
Hydroxide
OH -
Carbonate
CO3 2-
Sulfite
SO3 2-
Sulfate
SO4 2-
Phosphate
PO4 3-
what happens to the electrons in an ionic bond
they are transferred
what types of atoms make an ionic bond
metals and nonmetals
what is a formula unit
the lowest whole number ratio of ions in an ionic compound
what is the net charge of any ionic compound
0
what is a binary compound
made up of 2 elements
what is the order of the name in an ionic compound
cation anion
what is the order of the terms in a chemical formula
cation, anion
PO4 3-
phosphate
SO4 2-
sulfate
SO3 2-
sulfite
CO3 2-
carbonate
OH -
hydroxide
CN -
cyanide
NO3 -
nitrate
NO2 -
nitrite
NH4 +
ammonium
