Chapters 7-10 Flashcards
Cultural Space
the social & cultural contexts in which we live and in which our identity forms
Non-contact vs contact cultures
Non-contact: people tend to give more personal space to others and avoid touching each other when interacting vs Contact tend to stand coloser to others and touch each other when interacting
Chronemics refers to:
How a culture conceptualizes time
Monochronic
an orientation to time that assumes it is linear and a commodity that can be lost, gained, or wasted (strict about schedules and care more about completing tasks and keeping appointments than personal relationships)
Polychronic
an orientation to time that sees it as circular and more holistic (not strict about schedules and care more about personal relationships)
Elements of semiosis
(the production of meaning through sign interpretation)
- Signifiers: culturally contructed words or symbols that are used to refer to something else
- Signified: anything that is expressed through arbitrary words or symbols
- Signs: the meanings that emerge from the combination of the signifieds and the signifiers
EX: Man = a signifier that refers to the signified: an adult male human
Cultural Spaces
Places that are defined by cultural practices—languages spoken, identities enacted, rituals performed—and that often change as new people move in and out of these spaces.
Volentary migrants who stay long-term
Immigrants
Volentary Immigrants who stay short-term
Sojourners
Involentary Immigrants
(long or short-term)
(long or short-term) refugees
Cultural Adaption: Assimilation
strategy where an individual gives up his or her own cultural heritage and adopts the mainstream cultural identity.
Cultural Adaption: Seperation
strategy where an individual retains their original culture while interacting minimally with other groups.
Separation may be initiated and enforced by the dominant society, in which case it becomes segregation.
Cultural Adaption: Integration
strategy where individuals maintain both their
original culture and their daily interactions with other groups.
U-curve theory
A theory of cultural adaptation suggesting that migrants go through fairly predictable phases when adapting to a new cultural situation:
1. excitement/anticipation
2. shock/disorientation
3. adjustment
Definition of Pop Culture
New name for “low culture” (ie: accessable culture, not high culture) referring to cultural products that most people share and know about
Folk Culture
Traditional & nonmainstream cultural activities that are not financially driven
Culture Industries
Industries that produce and sell popular culture as commodities.
Film or music industry etc
Encoding & Decoding Media diagram
-»Meaningful Discourse-»
^ [Endcoding] [Decoding] \/
[Product. of meaning 1] [Product. of meaning 2]
(Social context)
Encoding
The process
of creating a message
for others to
understand
Decoding
The process
of interpreting a
message
Intercultural Relationships
Obliteration Style
a style in which both partners attempt to erase their individual cultures when dealing with cultural differences.
Intercultural Relationships
Compromise Style
both partners give up some part of their own cultural habits and beliefs to minimize cross-cultural differences
middle ground
Intercultural Relationships
Concensus Style
partners deal with cross-cultural differences by
negotiating their relationship and giving up their culture to accomidate the other & vice versa in certain situations
