Chapters 25, 26, and 18: Lots of Drugs Flashcards
Class 1B Drug Treatment for Dysrhytmias
Class 1B: Lidocaine: treatment of symptomatic PVC’s and VT; prevention of V Fib. (quiets down the heart)
What should patients avoid when taking Antidysrhythmic Drugs?
Avoid OTC cold and asthma meds, appetite suppressants, and antisleep preparations which are stimulants that can cause irregular heart beats
Do not drink grapefruit juice
What drug do you take for Angina?
Nitroglycerin:
Three side effects of Nitroglycerin?
Severe headache, dizziness, orthostatic hypotension
When do you not use nitroglycerin?
Withhold if patient has hypotension (systolic lower than 90)
What arterial disease is a functional disorder caused by vasospasm of ateries and arterioles in fingers
Raynaud Phenomenon
Difference between primary and secondary Raynaud Phenomenon
Primary- seen on healthy young women due to cold or strong emotions
Secondary- associated with previous vessel injury like frostbite or trauma
What Secondary causes of hypercholesterolemia/hyperlipoproteinemia:
high calorie intake, sedentary lifestyle, obesity, and DM.
What is CRP?
synthesized in the liver as a marker for systemic inflammation
(C-Reactive Protein)
What is the First symptom of collagen disease?
Raynaud Phenomenon
What is Recurring progressive, non atherosclerotic inflammation and thrombosis of small and medium sized arteries and veins, usually plantar and digital vessels
Thromboangiitis Obliterans:
What is a predominant symptom related to distal arterial ischemia?
Pain - intermittent claudication
Onset, peak, and duration for nitroglycerin?
Sublingual onset 1-3 minutes, peak 4 – 8 min, duration 30-60 min
When do you not use nitroglyerin?
(head injury and low BP)
May increase ICP so do not use if there is head injury
Withhold if patient has hypotension (systolic lower than 90)
How does nitroglycerin work?
Converted to nitric oxide, a potent vasodilator which relaxed smooth muscle in blood vessel walls.
When is Magnesium Sulfate given?
management of severe tachydysrhythmias, including treatment of torsades de pointes and management of digitalis induced dysrhythmias.
What increases myocardial irritability and is a risk factor for both atrial and ventricular dysrhythmias?
Hypomagnesemia
What is a Class 3 potassium channel blocker
Amiodarone
How does Amiodarone work? What is it used for?
Vasodilating effects and decreases systemic vascular resistance
Prolongs duration of action potential, slowing repolarization, and prolonging refractory period in both atria and ventricles.
Used for life threatening tachydysarythmias both ventricular and atrial. IV and oral differ in their electrophysiological effects
How do class 1C drugs work?
greatly decrease conduction in ventricles
May suppress paroxysmal atrial flutter and fibrillation in patients with minimal or no heart disease, but may cause vfib or vtac
What drug Treats serious ventricular dysrhythmias associated with acute myocardial infarction, cardiac catheterization, cardiac surgery, and digitalis induced ventricular dysrhythmias?
Lidocaine: Class 1B Drugs
What do Class 1B drugs do?
Shorten repolarization phase
What is the Leading cause of CAD, stroke and PAD? (pathologically)
Atherosclerosis
What is drug therapy for PAD?
Drug therapy includes antiplatelet therapy like aspirin
