Chapters 18-25 Flashcards
What are the main functions of the sesamoid bones of the foot?
Reduce pressure in weight bearing, increase mechanical advantage of flexor tendons, and act as sliding pulleys for tendons
Page 497
T/F: The first metatarsal is the largest and strongest and functions as the main weight-bearing support during walking/running
True
Page 497
What are common injuries seen with excessive/prolonged probation?
Stress fracture of 2nd metatarsal, plantar fasciitis, posterior tibial tendinitis, Achilles tendinitis, tibial stress fracture, and medial knee pain
Page 507
What are injuries commonly seen with excessive supination?
Inversion ankle sprains, tibial stress syndrome, peroneal tendinitis, IT band friction syndrome, and tronchanteric bursitis
Page 507
T/F: people with pronation need a shoe with stability and firmness to reduce this excess movement
True
Page 507
T/F: A Morton’s toe is when the 2nd metatarsal is extremely long, making it longer than the first.
False.
It is a abnormally short 1st metatarsal
Page 515
What bones make up the ankle joint?
Tibia, fibula, and talus
Page 535
T/F: The lower 1/3 of the tibia is the most common site for fracture because this is where the bone changes from triangular to rounded shape.
True
Page 535
What movements occur at the subtalar and talocrural joints?
Subtalar- inversion, eversion, probation, and supination
Talocrural- dorsiflexion, plantarflexion
What are things that can be worked on to decrease chance of ankle sprains?
Achilles' tendon stretching Strength training Neuromuscular control training Footwear Taping/orthoses
T/F: 2/3 of all first time ankle sprains develop into chronic ankle instability
False
1/3
Which meniscus is oval and which is C shaped?
Oval- lateral
C- medial
Page 570
Describe the paths of the ACL and PCL.
ACL: anterior medial to posterior lateral
PCL: posterior lateral to anterior medial (stinger of the 2)
Page 571
What knee ligaments prevent valgus forces?
MCL and ACL
What structures help protect the knee against varus forces?
LCL, IT band, popliteus muscle, biceps femoris muscle
What are the normal measures for Q -angles?
Males: 10 degrees
Females: 15 degrees
Page 590
What nerve wraps around the head of the fibula?
Peroneal nerve
Page 595
Which bursae of the knee are most likely to become inflammed?
Prepatellar
Deep infrapatellar
Suprapatellar
Page 602
What are possible diagnoses for a knee that gives away or catches?
Subluxating patella
Meniscal tear
ACL tear
Hemarthrosis
Page 603
What are the 3 stages of patellar tendonitis?
1) pain after activity
2) pain during and after activity
3) pain during activity and prolonged after activity (performance affected)
Page 308
T/F: the vastus lateralis acts as a stabilizer for patella tracking.
False: VMO
Page 619
What are the instances in which myositis ossificans can occur?
Single severe impact
Repeated impact to soft tissue
Improper care of a contusion
Page 624
What is the position of the hip with a femoral fracture?
ER and slightly adducted
Page 627
T/F: stress fractures on the medial side of the femoral neck tend to heal well with conservative management while stress fractures on the lateral side of the femoral neck are more likely to displace eventually and cause additional complications
True
Page 627
