Chapters 16 and 17 Flashcards

Question 1

Q

augeo-augere-auctum

Answer

A

enlarge;increase

Question 2

Q

auctor, auctoris

Answer

A

one who increases

Question 3

Q

drama (greek)

Question 4

Q

historia (greek)

Question 5

Q

hymnos (greek)

Answer

A

song in praise of deity

Question 6

Q

litera, litterae

Answer

A

letter;literature

Question 7

Q

paean (greek)

Answer

A

song of thanksgiving to Apollo

Question 8

Q

comos (greek)

Answer

A

revel; merry-making

Question 9

Q

comoedia (greek)

Answer

A

revel-song; comedy

Question 10

Q

catharsis (greek)

Answer

A

cleansing; pruification

Question 11

Q

choreuo (greek)

Answer

A

dance in a circle

Question 12

Q

character (greek)

Answer

A

mark, stamp;special type

Question 13

Q

clamo-clamare-calamatum

Answer

A

shout, call out

Question 14

Q

criticon (greek)

Answer

A

able to judge

Question 15

Q

hypocrites (greek)

Question 16

Q

crisis (greek)

Answer

A

decision; trial; dispute

Question 17

Q

histrio, histrionis

Question 18

Q

mimesis (greek)

Answer

A

representation; imitation

Question 19

Q

orchestra (greek)

Answer

A

place where the chorus danced

Question 20

Q

plaudo-plaudere-plausum

Answer

A

clap, strike

Question 21

Q

-plodo, -plodere, -plosum

Answer

A

clap, strike

Question 22

Q

protagonis (greek)

Answer

A

leading actor

Question 23

Q

scene (greek)

Answer

A

tent;stage wall;stage backdrop

Question 24

Q

theaomai (greek)

Answer

A

look at, see

Question 25

Q

theatron (greek)

Question 26

Q

tragoedia (greek)

Answer

A

literally, goat-song;tragedy

Question 27

Q

musice (greek)

Answer

A

belonging to the Muses

Question 28

Q

sono-sonare-sonitum

Question 29

Q

melodia (greek)

Question 30

Q

canot-cantare-cantatum

Question 31

Q

organon (greek)

Answer

A

instrument

Question 32

Q

stringo-stringere-strictum

Answer

A

draw tight, bind; cut off

Question 33

Q

percutio-percutere-percussum

Question 34

Q

cornu, cornus

Question 35

Q

cymbalon (greek)

Question 36

Q

tympanon (greek)

Question 37

Q

cithara (greek)

Answer

A

lyre, lute

Question 38

Q

tuba, tubae

Question 39

Q

agon (greek)

Question 40

Q

arena, arenae

Answer

A

san; arena, place for contests

Question 41

Q

athlos (greek)

Question 42

Q

discos (greek)

Answer

A

plate, disc

Question 43

Q

dromos (greek)

Question 44

Q

gladius, gladii

Question 45

Q

gymnazo (greek)

Answer

A

exercise naked; train

Question 46

Q

peto-petere-petitum

Answer

A

seek, ask; strive for

Question 47

Q

prestigiae, prestigiarum

Answer

A

delusion, deception

Question 48

Q

pugno-pugnare-pugnatum

Question 49

Q

stadion (greek)

Answer

A

race course

Question 50

Q

sthenos (greek)

Question 51

Q

testor-testari-testatum

Answer

A

show; prove; witness

Question 52

Q

ambitio, ambitionis

Answer

A

going around; canvassing for votes; desire for office

Question 53

Q

cado-cadere-casum

Question 54

Q

-cido, -cidere, -cisum

Question 55

Q

panis, panis

Question 56

Q

votum, voti

Answer

A

vow, oath

Question 57

Q

effervesco-effervescere

Answer

A

being to boil, foam, bubble

Question 58

Q

adolesco-adolescere-adultum

Question 59

Q

coalesco-coalescere-coalitum

Answer

A

grow together, become one

Question 60

Q

obsolesco-obsolescere-obsoletum

Answer

A

wear out, decay; go out of use

Question 61

Q

Zeus

Answer

A

ruler of god and mortals

Question 62

Q

Jupiter (Jove)

Answer

A

ruler of god and mortals

Question 63

Q

Hera

Answer

A

wife and consort of Zeus (Jove); patron of marriage and the family

Question 64

Q

Juno

Answer

A

wife and consort of Zeus (Jove); patron of marriage and the family

Answer 42

A

ruler of the sea

Answer 43

A

ruler of the sea

Answer 44

A

goddess of grain and fertility

Answer 45

A

goddess of grain and fertility

Answer 46

A

goddess of wisdom; patron of arts and crafts; protector of heroes

Answer 47

A

goddess of wisdom; patron of arts and crafts; protector of heroes

Answer 48

A

goddess of the hunt; protector of wild animals; gaurdian of children

Answer 49

A

goddess of the hunt; protector of wild animals; gaurdian of children

Answer 50

A

god of war and destruction

Answer 51

A

god of war and destruction

Answer 52

A

goddess of sexual passion and fertility

Answer 53

A

goddess of sexual passion and fertility

Answer 54

A

god of the underworld

Answer 55

A

god of the underworld

Answer 56

A

messenger of the gods

Answer 57

A

messenger of the gods

Answer 58

A

blacksmith and fire god

Answer 59

A

blacksmith and fire god

Answer 60

A

god of light and inspiration; patron of the arts

Answer 61

A

race of giants who ruled the world before Zeus

Answer 62

A

god of wine and flowing fertility, who inspired madness in his followers

Answer 63

A

god of shepherds and flocks, often associated with Dionysus

Answer 64

A

goddess of retribution

Answer 65

A

residence of many of the Greek gods, who were thus referred to as the Olympians

Answer 66

A

the main river in the underworld, and also its boundary line. The ancient Greeks believed that in order to enter the realm of Hades, one had to be ferried across the Styx by the boatman Charon, at the cost of one obol; thus, the dead were buried with a coin in their mouths.

Answer 67

A

river in the underworld whose waters caused the dead to forget their pas lives.

Answer 68

A

the state of mental apathy and physical drowsiness

Answer 69

A

the dwelling place of those few fortunate mortals who had been granted eternal conscious life and happiness by the gods

Answer 70

A

the stables of King Augeas were so filthy that the Greek hero Hercules, as one of his twelve labors, had to divert two rivers in order to cleanse them in a single day

Answer 71

A

a maze built on Crete for King Minos by the famed Greek architect Daedalus in order to imprison the Minotaur, a man-eating creature that was half-bull and half-human

Answer 72

A

three-headed dog that guarded the entrance to the Underworld

Answer 73

A

a fire-breathing monster that had the head of a lion, the torso of a goat, and the tail of a sank

Answer 74

A

describes something that is wildly fanciful and unrealistic

Answer 75

A

a mythical creature with the head and wings of an eagle and body of a lion

Answer 76

A

bird-like women who tormented a number of individuals in Greek myth by snatching away their food as they tried to eat

Answer 77

A

one of the three monstrous Gorgons, she had hair of snakes, and her glance turned men to stone

Answer 78

A

a fabulous bird of great beauty, said to live for 500 years, after which it would immolate itself on a pyre, and then rise up, once again, from the ashes

Answer 79

A

bird-like women who lured sailors to their deaths by singing sweet and entrancing melodies while sitting on the treacherous rocks that rose up from the sea

Answer 80

A

a winged female monster who would eat young men who could not answer her riddle, “What walks on four legs in the morning, two legs in the afternoon, and three legs in the evening?” She committed suicide when Oedipus gave the correct answer; man.

Answer 81

A

may be used to describe anyone who gives responses that are difficult to interpret

Answer 82

A

The Amazons were said to be a race of warrior women who lived without men and who excelled in those activities such as hunting, fighting, normally considered to belong to the male sphere.

Answer 83

A

now used to described a tall and physically powerful woman

Answer 84

A

Atlas was a Titan who was condemned by the victorious Zeus to hold the sky on his shoulders. He gives his name to any bound collection of maps or charts.

Answer 85

A

The Greek hero Jason was sent on a meant-to-be fatal quest to retrieve the golden fleece of a ram. The fleece was guarded by a fire-breathing dragon that never slept; but Jason, with the help of the witch Medusa, was able to steal the skin and escape

Answer 86

A

Because he had done a kindness to the god Dionysus, Midas was granted any wish he might desire. Requesting that everything he touch turn to gold, he was at first delighted with his good fortune, but soon bedded the god to take back his gift. He had turned his daughter into gold and he was starving to death as well. Although the gift of the golden torch proved to be almost disastrous for Midas, we now use the term in a positive way.

Answer 87

A

Hercules (or as the Greeks called him, Hercales) was the greatest of all the ancient mythological heroes. In order to gain immortal fame, he had to perform twelve death defying labors, including a journey to the Underworld

Answer 88

A

Pandora, the first woman, who was created by the gods to revenge for Prometheus’s theft of fire, was given a box containing all the evils of the world. Instructed to not open, she disobeyed and released every kind of suffering into the world. Only Blind Hope remained inside. The phrase is used today to mean a source of unforeseen trouble or problem.

Answer 89

A

Procrustes was said to have entertained his guests by inviting them to spend the night. If they did not fit exactly into the bed he offered, he would stretch them on a rack or lop off their head to ensure a perfect nights sleep.

Answer 90

A

an adjective that is sued to describe arbitrary and violent means of insuring conformity

Answer 91

A

A Titan, Prometheus stole fire from the gods because he pitied mankind. In punishment, Zeus had him bound on a rock, where each day an eagle would tear at his liver. Some say that he was freed eventually by the Greek hero, Hercule.

Answer 92

A

boldly original and creative

Answer 93

A

Proteus was a god of the sea who, like the water, could change himself into whatever form he wished.

Answer 94

A

an adjective that means extremely variable or changeable

Answer 95

A

As punishment for some unspecified crime, Sisyphus was condemned by the gods to forever push a boulder to the top of a hill in the Underworld, only to watch it roll back down again. His name has become synonymous with futility.

Answer 96

A

Tantalus, who either betrayed the secrets of the gods or attempted to trick them into eating human flesh, was punished in the Underworld. He was forced to stand in a pool up to his chin; when he bent down to quench his overwhelming thirst, the water evaporated. Above his head hung bunches of fruit; but when he reached up to pick them, they were beyond his grasp.

Answer 97

A

an adjective that describes a tormenting desire for something that is unattainable

Answer 98

A

Eris, the goddess of Strife, angered at not being invited to the wedding of the mortal Peleus and the sea goddess Thetis, threw a golden apple inscribed with the words “to the fairest” among the divine guests. Athena, Hera, and Aphrodite all laid claim and appealed to Zeus to choose among them

Answer 99

A

Zeus, wisely deciding not to get involved, chose Paris, a young Trojan prince, to judge the beauty contest among the goddesses. Each offered him a bribe, but Paris selected Aphrodite because she promised him Helen.

Answer 100

A

Helen may have been Paris’s prize, but unfortunately, she was married to Menelaus, a Greek king. It was the kidnapping of Helen, who had a face “that launched a thousand ships,” that led to the outbreak of the war.

Answer 101

A

The son of Peleus and Thetis, Achilles was the greatest of the Greek heroes to fight in Troy. According to one tradition, his mother dipped him in the river Styx in order to make his body invulnerable. Unfortunately, she was holding him by his heel, which was then unprotected against a fatal wound.

Answer 102

A

a term used to describe a point of emotional or physical vulnerability

Answer 103

A

The Myrmidons were the loyal group of Achilles’s followers who accompanied him to Troy. The name is now applied to anyone who blindly follows the commands of his leader.

Answer 104

A

In the Illiad, Hector is the gallant leader of the Trojan forces; but later traditions depicted him as a domineering bully. Thus, we have the verb hector, which means to act or speak in an overbearing way.

Answer 105

A

The daughter of the kind of Troy, Cassandra had been given a gift of prophecy by Apollo, who had hoped to win her love. When she spurned him, the god caused her not be believed. She foresaw the destruction of the city, but her warnings were ignored. Her name is now applied to anyone who predicts gloom and disaster

Answer 106

A

After ten years of fighting, the Greeks still had not taken Troy, for the city had strong and well-defended walls. It was only through the trick of the wooden horse that the Greeks were able to gain entry into the city and then destroy it. Although the Trojan seer Laocoon had warned them with the words, “Whatever it is, I fear the Greeks, even those bearing gifts,” the Trojans dragged the huge horse, which the Greeks built with the help of Athene, inside the city gates, unaware that it was filled with Greek soldiers. While the Trojans slept, the Greeks climbed out and overwhelmed the city.

Answer 107

A

Anyone that seeks to destroy within

Answer 108

A

Stentor was the herald of the Greek army and had a voice as loud as those of fifty men.

Answer 109

A

an adjective that is now applied to a person having a loud and powerful voice

Answer 110

A

The Odysseus was a brave and clever fighter at Troy, but his confrontation with danger really began on his journey back to his native Ithaca, a trip that took him nine years. Despite his extraordinary adventures, recorded in the Odyssey, all that Odysseus longed for was to return home.

Answer 111

A

While Odysseus wandered, Penelope, his faithful wife, kept off the advances of many suitors who wished not only to marry her, but also to gain Odysseus’s kingdom. By a variety of clever stratagems, she fended them off until Odysseus’s return. Penelope became the model of the faithful wife

Answer 112

A

Mentor, a friend of Odysseus, gave helpful advice and counsel to Odysseus’s son, Telemachus, while Odysseus was absent. his name now means a wise counselor or teacher.

Answer 113

A

Arcadia, a region in southwestern Greece, was viewed by ancient poets as a place of bucolic simplicity. Later writers continued to celebrate that tradition, and the adjective Arcadian is now used to describe an idealized rural existence.

Answer 114

A

Croesus, a sixth century BCE kind of Lydia, was said to have been so rich that his name has come to mean a person of untold wealth.

Answer 115

A

Draco, a seventh century BCE Athenian lawgiver, produced a legal code so harsh in its penalties that his laws were said to have been written in blood, not ink. Any unusually severe measure may be described as draconian.

Answer 116

A

The ancient city-state of Sparta was located in the regions of Greece called Laconia. Since Spartans were known for the brevity of their speech, the adjective laconic may be used to describe an individual who is concise in his remarks

Answer 117

A

The widow of the fourth-century BCE king Mausolus built a tomb for her husband at Halicarnassus that was so spectacularly decorated with sculpture that it became synonymous with an elaborate monument to the dead.

Answer 118

A

The Meander River, in Asia Minor, was noted for its twisted and winding path in the Aegean Sea.

Answer 119

A

In the third century BCE, Pyrrhus, the king of Epirus, fought and won many battles against the Romans, but such great costs that he is reported to have said, “One victory like this and I am undone.” A pyrrhic victory, then, is one that is gained at too great a cost.

Answer 120

A

The inhabitants of ancient Soloi were so famous for their terrible Greek grammar that they gave their name to the incorrect usage of language or manners.

Answer 121

A

Solon, an Athenian leader of the early 6th century NCE, was noted for his keen sense of justice. His social and political reforms laid the groundwork for the Athenian democracy, and his name now may be used to describe a wise statesman or lawmaker.

Answer 122

A

The inhabitants pf Sparta prided themselves on their rigorous, disciplined, and simple way of life. To live in this way may be described as spartan.

Answer 123

A

The inhabitants of the ancient Greek city of Sybaris, on the other hand, were noted for their luxurious and excessive way of life. Although the city was destroyed in the sixth century BCE, it survives in the adjective sybaritic, which described the enjoyment of sensuous and indulgent pleasures.

Answer 124

A

custom, usage; character, disposition

Answer 125

A

custom, usage; manner

Answer 126

A

natural quality; inborn characteristic

Answer 127

A

natural quality; inborn characteristic

Answer 128

A

the doctrine of the fourth century BCE Greek philosopher Plato and his successors. Because Plato taught the highest form of love was that of the soul for the Good, the term platonic is most often used not to refer to his elevation above all else of spiritual lover untouched by physical desire

Answer 129

A

the doctrine of the school of philosophy founded by the fourth century BCE by Zeno; the word stoic is now used to refer to one of the central teachings of the school, that one should submit uncomplainingly to Fate and “go with the flow.”

Answer 130

A

the adjective from which stoic is derived from, a detached portico in Athens where Zeno supposedly taught his followers.

Answer 131

A

the teachings of the fourth-century BCE Greek philosopher Epicurus, who preached that the highest good is pleasure, which his followers interpreted as freedom from pain or disturbance, but which his critics condemned as the pursuit of unbridled freedom and indulgence. The adjective is now used to refer to the enjoyment of sensual pleasures, especially eating and drinking.

Answer 132

A

the doctrine that teaches that pleasure or happiness is the highest good. The noun is derived from hedone (greek), and now connotes an excessive devotion to physical pleasure

Answer 133

A

a doctrine of a school of Greek philosophy that preached independence of action and complete freedom form social conventions. The etymology of the name is a matter of debate; the root of the word is kyon, kynos (greek) meaning dog, and it has been suggested that the name is derived from the fact that the Cynics were noted for their rude behavior and took special pleasures in violated the rules of polite society. Perhaps the most famous of the Cynics was the 4th century BCE Diogenes, who went about with a lantern saying that he was looking for an honest man. Today, the word is used to describe someone who questions social values and distrusts human sincerity and moral purpose.

Answer 134

A

The skeptic philosophers taught that since sense perceptions were deceptive, there was no possibility of absolute knowledge about anything, and therefore, one was to withhold judgement about everything. Pyrrhon, the fourth century BCE founder of the school, taught that nobody has yet found the truth, so why distress ourselves? By genuinely indifferent to all that happens, for appearances are enough to live by.

Answer 135

A

decree; opinion; teaching

Answer 136

A

belief; opinion

Answer 137

A

show, teach

Answer 138

A

inhabited world

Answer 139

A

messenger

Answer 140

A

sacred, holy; saint

Answer 141

A

believe; trust

Answer 142

A

sacred, holy

Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Chapters 16 and 17 Flashcards

Brainscape's Knowledge Genome^TM