Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Flash Cards > Chapters 16&17 > Flashcards

Chapters 16&17 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the name given to the neurons that monitor carbon dioxide leveled in the blood and are located in the carotid and aortic arteries?

A

Chemoreceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

A (long, short) blood vessel with a (small, large) diameter would have the greatest resistance to blood flow.

A

Long

Small

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Pulmonary circulation goes from the (right, left) (atrium, ventricle) to the (right, left) (atrium, ventricle)

A

Right ventricle

Left atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which blood vessel(s) contain blood with the highest oxygen content?

A

Pulmonary veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

From which major blood vessel do all systemic blood vessels branch?

A

Aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where is the cardiovascular center located?

A

Medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which circulatory route brings blood to the tissues and back to the heart?

A

Systemic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which circulatory path carries blood rich in substances absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract?

A

Hepatic portal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

(Arteries, veins) (closest to, farthest from) the heat have the lowest blood pressure.

A

Vein, closet to

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Vascular resistance is primarily to due which factor?

A

Fiction between blood-walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When the left ventricle contracts, what term is given to the pressure in arteries that is generated?

A

Systolic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

In fetal circulation p, which structure connects the fetal pulmonary trunk to the aorta, allowing much blood to bypass the lungs?

A

Ductus arteriosus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Stimulation of the ______ would cause the heart rate to decrease.

A

Vagus nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

In the fetus, what is the opening that allows blood to pass directly from the right atrium to the left atrium?

A

Foramen ovale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

With aging, cardiac muscle fibers ____ in size.

A

Decrease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Defenses of the body that are present at birth are referred to as _____ immunity

A

Innate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The fetal circulation differs from the adult circulation because of which organ system that is nonfunctional?

A

Respiratory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

As blood passes from the superior and inferior vena cave to the lungs, it moves through the (right, left) (atrium, ventricle) to the (right, left) (atrium, ventricle) and out through the (pulmonary trunk, pulmonary veins).

A

Right atrium
Right ventricle
Pulmonary trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Carry blood away from the heart

A

Arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Vessels with high blood pressure

A

Arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Vessels with the fastest flow

A

Arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Vessels that exchange food and waste between blood and tissues

A

Capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Vessels that return interstitial fluid to the bloodstream

A

Lymphatic vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Vessels with slowest blood flow

A

Capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Vessels with thick muscle layer

A

Arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Vessels si very thin walls; only have a single layer of cells

A

Capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Vessels with a very thin muscle layer

A

Veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Vessels that exhibit a pulse

A

Arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Vessels that bring to almost every cell in the body

A

Capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Known as “exchange vessels”

A

Capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What are the cells that migrate to the Thymus and when mature are AB,e to attack microbes directly?

A

T-Cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What name is given to blood flow from the heart to the lungs?

A

Pulmonary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Blood pressure is measured by listening for a constricted ____ to “pop” open

A

Artery

34
Q

The backward flow of fluid in veins and lymphatics is prevented by _____.

A

Valves

35
Q

The most important function of the circulatory system is to ____ materials to and form all cells.

A

Transport

36
Q

Which layer of an artery contains thick, smooth muscle?

A

Middle layer

37
Q

Venous blood returns to the heart due to ______ movements ans skeletal muscular contractions.

A

Breathing

38
Q

Name several blood vessels commonly used to take the Ouse

A

Radial, cartoid, brachial, popilital, dorsal

39
Q

What are the two main methods of capillary exchange?

A

Filtration and reabsorption

40
Q

Blood pressure is read with a(an)____.

A

Sphygmomanometer

41
Q

Blood typically flows from the heart first to ____, then to ____, then to _____.

A

Arteries, capillaries, veins

42
Q

What is the structure whose main function is exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and tissue?

A

Capillaries

43
Q

The force in which blood pushes against walls during ventricular contraction is called ______ blood pressure.

A

Systolic

44
Q

The hollow center of blood vessels through which blood flows.

A

Lumen

45
Q

Lymph is very similar to this body fluid

A

Interstitial

46
Q

Structurally, lymphatic vessels most resemble these vessels of the body.

A

Veins

47
Q

Which blood pressure would be considered to be normal? (75/105? 108/68? 75/90? 150/100?)

A

108/68

48
Q

Which type of blood vessel is referred to as a blood reservoir?

A

Veins

49
Q

The pulmonary circulation carries blood from the heart to the lungs and back to this chamber.

A

Left atrium

50
Q

The exchange of materials between fetal and maternal circulation occurs through this structure

A

Placenta

51
Q

Name some factors that vascular resistance related to

A

Blood viscosity, blood vessel length and radius

52
Q

In an overweight person, the factor most likely to increase systemic vessel resistance

A

Vessel length

53
Q

A foreign substance that provokes an immune response in the body.

A

Antigen

54
Q

Which receptors are involved in monitoring blood pressure

A

Barorecptors

55
Q

Blood pressure would (increase, decrease in heart rate, (increase, decrease) in vascular resistance, (increase, decrease) in blood volume, (increase, decrease) in water retention

A

Increase
Increase
Increase
Increase

56
Q

Proteins that are produced by cells which are infected with viruses

A

Interferons

57
Q

Barorecptors to monitor pressure of blood going to the brain are located here.

A

Cartoid artery

58
Q

List some functions if the lymphatic system

A

Drain interstitial fluid, transport lipids from GI to blood, immune response

59
Q

All lymph in the body is eventually returned to the blood in this vessel

A

Subclavian vein

60
Q

Slow resting heart rate

A

Bradycardia

61
Q

Saclike dilation of the artery wall

A

Aneurysm

62
Q

Stretching walls of veins, especially around valves

A

Varicose veins

63
Q

Inflammation of vein

A

Phlebitis

64
Q

Low oxygen availability

A

Hypoxia

65
Q

Persistently high blood pressure

A

Hypertension

66
Q

Rapid resting heart rate

A

Tachycardia

67
Q

High amount of carbon dioxide in the blood

A

Hypercapnia

68
Q

List some structures involved in the first line of defense against pathogens

A

Skin, mucous membranes, fluid, movements like urinating

69
Q

What are symptoms of inflammation?

A

Pain, redness, swelling, heat

70
Q

List some substances that could act as antigens

A

Food, pollen, bacteria, viruses

71
Q

When a cell is infected by a virus, what may the cell produce to help?

A

Interferons

72
Q

Why are lymph nodes important?

A

Filter lymph store lymphocytes

73
Q

What term is given to the decrease in diameter of a blood vessel due to contraction of the smooth muscle in its walls?

A

Vasoconstriction

74
Q

I general, what vessels can we see through our skin?

A

Veins

75
Q

Mucous membranes would be considered to be a ____ line of defense against pathogens

A

First

76
Q

Which lymphatic organ is located posterior to the sternum?

A

Thymus

77
Q

Name the major components of the lymphatic system

A

Lymph, lymphatic vessels, structure containing lymphatic tissue, red none marrow

78
Q

Which cells produce antibodies?

A

B-Cells

79
Q

Which is the largest single mass of lymphatic tissue in the body?

A

Spleen

80
Q

Which lymphocytes are found in lymph nodes?

A

Mature b-cells

81
Q

When are damaged and worn-out red blood cells destroyed?

A

Spleen

Flash Cards (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions