Chapters 13, 15 Flashcards
Prodromal
An obvious deterioration in functioning - similar to schizotypal PD.
Active
Positive, negative, disorganized symptoms.
Residual
Signs and symptoms that are similar to the prodromal phase. The dramatic symptoms have improved but the person is still impaired.
Anhedonia
Inability to experience pleasure
Avolition
Lack of will, becomes apathetic
Alogia
Impoverished thinking, poverty of speech.
Catatonia
Immobility and marked muscular rigidity
Schizophreniform disorder
Psychotic symptoms for between 1 month and 6 months.
Schizoaffective disorder
Symptoms fall between schizophrenia and mood disorders. Diagnosed by the presence of delusions/hallucinations for at least 2 wks not during depressive or manic phase.
Delusional disorder
Do not meet full symptomatic criteria for schizophrenia. 1 month of delusions that aren’t bizarre.
Brief psychotic disorder
Psychotic symptoms for 1 day - 1 month
Dopamine Hypothesis
Focuses on the function of specific dopamine pathways in the limbic areas of the brain (some have TOO MANY receptors others NOT ENOUGH). Antipsychotic drugs elevate sensitivity to dopamine.
Social causation hypothesis
Harmful events associated w/ lowest social class play a causal role in dvlpmnt of schizophrenia
Social selection hypothesis
Individuals with schizophrenia cannot hold a job/complete a higher education
Endophenotype
Vulnerability marker. Must distinguish those who already have schizophrenia from those who don’t. 2) A stable characteristic over time. 3) Should identify more people among the relatives of schizophrenic patients than general pop.
Extrapyramidal symptoms
Muscular rigidity, tremors, agitation, involuntary postures, motor inertia.
Tardive dyskinesia
Abnormal involuntary movements of mouth and face (tongue protrusion, chewing).
IQ cutoff for mental retardation?
70
IQ Mean and SD?
Mean = 100, SD = 15
Down Syndrome
Chromosomal disorder with 47 chromosomes rather than 46. Trisomy 21.
Fragile-X Syndrome
One X is fragile/fucked up. More common in men because they only have one X.
PKU
Children are born with normal intelligence but the build up of phenylalanine produces brain damage if the child isn’t put on a low phenylalanine diet.
Heritability Ratio
Index to measure the extent of genetic contribution
Reaction Range
Heredity determines the upper and lower limits of IQ and experience determines the extent to which people fulfill their genetic potential.
Primary prevention (IDs)
Use of good maternal and child health care, planning for pregnancy, amniocentesis, gene therapy, ultrasounds.
Secondary prevention (IDs)
Head start programs (promote enrichment for low SES kids)
Tertiary Prevention (IDs)
Assessment early in life. Basic self-care and survival skills. Treatments of the social and emotional needs of people with ID.
