Chapters 11-12

Question 1

An organization of people sharing a common interest or goal that seeks to influence the making of public policy

Answer 1

Interest group

Question 2

interest group

Answer 2

An organization of people sharing a common interest or goal that seeks to influence the making of public policy

Question 3

Something of value one cannot get without joining an organization

Answer 3

incentive

Question 4

incentive

Answer 4

Something of value one cannot get without joining an organization

Question 5

The social rewards (sense of pleasure, status, or companionship) that lead people to join political organizations

Answer 5

solidary incentives

Question 6

solidary incentives

Answer 6

The social rewards (sense of pleasure, status, or companionship) that lead people to join political organizations

Question 7

Money or things valued in monetary terms

Answer 7

material incentives

Question 8

material incentives

Answer 8

Money or things valued in monetary terms

Question 9

A benefit that comes from serving a cause or principle

Answer 9

purposive incentive

Question 10

purposive incentive

Answer 10

A benefit that comes from serving a cause or principle

Question 11

Political organizations that attract members by appealing to their political convictions or principles

Answer 11

ideological interest groups

Question 12

ideological interest groups

Answer 12

Political organizations that attract members by appealing to their political convictions or principles

Question 13

A political organization whose goals will principally benefit nonmembers

Answer 13

public-interest lobby

Question 14

public-interest lobby

Answer 14

A political organization whose goals will principally benefit nonmembers

Question 15

A widely shared demand for change in some aspect of the social or political order

Answer 15

social movement

Question 16

social movement

Answer 16

A widely shared demand for change in some aspect of the social or political order

Question 17

A signal telling a legislator what values are at stake in a vote, and how that issue fits into his or her own political views on party agenda

Answer 17

political cue

Question 18

political cue

Answer 18

A signal telling a legislator what values are at stake in a vote, and how that issue fits into his or her own political views on party agenda

Question 19

assesments of a representative’s voting record on issues important to an interest group

Answer 19

ratings

Question 20

ratings

Answer 20

assesments of a representative’s voting record on issues important to an interest group

Question 21

List three reasons why interest groups are so common in this country.

Answer 21

1. The more cleavages there are in a ssociety, the greater the variety of interests that will exist.
2. the American constitutional system contributes to the number of interest groups by multiplying the points at which such groups can gain access to the government
3. The weakness of political parties in this country. Where parties are strong, interests work through the parties; where parties are weak, interests operate directly on the government.

Question 22

What does NAACP stand for?

Answer 22

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

Question 23

The fact that associations in general, and political interest groups in particular, are created more rapidly in some periods than in others suggests what?

Answer 23

These groups do not arise inevitable out of natural and social processes.

Question 24

Name four factors that help explain the rise of interest groups.

Answer 24

1. Broad economic developments that create new interests and redefine old ones.
2. Government policy itself helped create interest groups.
3. Political organizations do not emerge automatically, even when government policy permits them and social circumstances seem to require them.
4. The more activities government undertakes, the more organized groups there will be that are interested in those activites.

Question 25

What is an interest group?

Answer 25

Any organization that seeks to influence public policy.

Question 26

What are institutional interests?

Answer 26

Individuals or organizations representing other organizations.