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Z - American Goverment (Nixa High) > Chapters 10, 11, 12 > Flashcards

Chapters 10, 11, 12 Flashcards

1
Q

What are three reasons for a bicameral house?

A

Historical, Pratical, and Theoretical

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2
Q

How long do the terms of Congress last and how often must they meet?

A

Two years, twice, term restarts in January

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3
Q

When are the elections for congress?

A

Tuesday after the first Monday in November in even years

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4
Q

What are the sessions of Congress and how can the President check the sessions of Congress?

A

The period of time each year that Congress meets- the president can adjourn a session of congress when the groups cannot decide when to adjourn

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5
Q

What are special sessions and who calls them?

A

Meetings to deal with emergency situations- the President

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6
Q

What is bicameral?

A

Two houses

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7
Q

Can someone get in trouble for what they say during Congressional sessions?

A

No

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8
Q

In the House, how long are their terms and how are their numbers decided?

A

2 years, population with each state getting at least one

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9
Q

What is apportion?

A

Distributing seats for the House

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10
Q

What is reapportion?

A

Redistributing seats in the House after each census

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11
Q

What was the goal of the Reapportionment Act of 1929 and what four things did it put in place?

A

Automatic reapportionment

  • house is 435 people
  • census bureau determines number of seats per state
  • the president sends the numbers to congress
  • they have 60 days to reject it, if not it is official
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12
Q

How many people are in the house and how are they chosen?

A

435- 435 districts

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13
Q

What is a single member or at large election?

A

SM- voters each elect one from a group

AL- elected by the state as a whole

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14
Q

What is gerrymandering?

A

Drawing districts to the advantage of the political party that controls the state legislature

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15
Q

What is the significance of Wesberry v Sanders?

A

It said that too big a population difference in districts is unconstitutional

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16
Q

What are the three qualifications for a Representative and what happens if they are not met?

A

25 years/US citizen for 7 years/live in state where elected

The house refuses the seat

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17
Q

How many people are in the senate and how is that dermined?

A

2 per state for 100 total

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18
Q

What did the 17th amendment change about how senators were elected?

A

State legislature-> the people

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19
Q

How long is the term for a senator?

A

6 years

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20
Q

What does “the senate is a continuous body” mean?

A

All of the seats are never up for reelection at the same time

21
Q

What are the three qualifications for a senator?

A

30 years old/US citizen for 9 years/live in the state they represent

22
Q

What type of people make up Congress?

A

Upper-Middle class white males

23
Q

What are the four voting options or types a lawmaker has?

A

Trustee- decide issues on their merits
Delegate- agent of their people
Partisan- along party lines
Politco- mix of other three

24
Q

What is the main job of commitees?

A

Screen bills

25
Q

What are some examples of non-salary compensation?

A

Tax deductions, travel allowances, insurance, low-cost medical care, franking privilege, capital (resturants, services, gyms, pools, parking)

26
Q

There are three types of ways to interpret the constitution. What is the person and political party associated with strict and liberal, and what does consensus mean?

A

Strict- Jefferson, Anti-Fed
Liberal- Hamilton, Fed
Consensus- general agreement

27
Q

What are the five powers of money and commerce, are their limits on the amount congress can borrow and what does deficit spending mean?

A
  • the power to tax
  • borrowing (no limits, deficit-spend more than make)
  • commerce
  • banking
  • bankruptcy
28
Q

What other two main powers does congress have and how are they shared?

A

Foreign relations- LEG + EXEC

War- mainly done by president

29
Q

What is the necessary and proper clause?

A

Congress has the power to make all necessary and proper laws to extend its powers

30
Q

What is the significance of McCulloch v Maryland?

A

Congress can do anything reasonably related to carrying out the expressed powers

31
Q

What are the four non-legislative powers congress has?

A
  • propose amendments by a 2/3 vote
  • electoral duties (tiebreaker)
  • impeachment
  • executive (senate-confirm app. + treaties)
32
Q

What are the presiding officers (most important) in each house (2 for senate)?

A

HoR- speaker of the house

Sen- president of the senate (VP) and President Pro Tempore

33
Q

What is the party caucus?

A

Closed meetings of the members of the parties of each house, dealing mostly with party matters of party organization

34
Q

What are the whips?

A

The two floor leaders in each house are assisted by whips, assisting floor leaders

35
Q

Where is most of the work in congress done?

A

Committee

36
Q

Why were congressional committees formed?

A

To divide the workload in congress

37
Q

What is a standing committee, how are they devided, and how are their chairperson chosen?

A

Special permeant committee to consider each bill that is introduced, sub-committees focusing on their assignment part, seniority

38
Q

What is the purpose of the house rules committee?

A

Screen all the different bills “traffic cop”

39
Q

What must a bill do before it is sent to the president?

A

Pass identically through both houses

40
Q

What does a conference committee do and does it work?

A

A temporary joint body created to iron out differences in a bill so a compromise is created to make it through both houses successfully; yes

41
Q

What is a bill?

A

A proposed law presented to congress for consideration

42
Q

What is a rider?

A

An unpopular provision added to an important bill certain to pass so that is will “ride” through the legislative process

43
Q

What is a discharge petition?

A

A procedure enabling members to force a bill that has been pigeonholed into committee onto the floor for consideration

44
Q

What is a quorum?

A

The least number of members that must be present for a legislative body to conduct business; a majority

45
Q

What is a filibuster and where do they happen?

A

Various tactics (usually long speeches) aimed at defeating a bill in congress by preventing a final vote; senate

46
Q

What is cloture?

A

Procedure that may be used to limit or end floor debate

47
Q

What is a veto?

A

The presidents power to reject a bill passed by congress

48
Q

What can the president do when he gets a bill (congress in/out of session)?

A

Sign or vote
Congress in- no action for 10 days = law
Congress out- no action after congress adjourns its second session = pocket veto and bill dies

49
Q

What are the fourteen steps from a bill to a law (if veto)?

A 
1-Idea
2-Sponsored by rep. or senator
3-Introduced to floor
4-Referral committee
5-Committee action
6-Sub-Committee review
7-Committee action to report a bill
8-Schedule floor action
9-Debate
10-Vote
11-Other chamber
12-Conference committee action
13-President action
14-Overriding a veto

Z - American Goverment (Nixa High) (13 decks)

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