Chapter Two

Question 1

Limited Government

Answer 1

The idea that government is not all powerful

Question 2

Representative Government

Answer 2

The idea in which the government serves the will of the people

Question 3

What two things did the Magna Carta introduce and when was it created?

Answer 3

Trial by jury and due process of law-1215

Question 4

What four things did the Petition of Rights introduce and when was it created?

Answer 4

Political critics could not be imprisoned without a jury trial, martial law could not be imposed during peacetime, troops could not be quartered in homes without consent, and taxes could not be levied without consent of parliament.1628

Question 5

What five things did the English Bill of Rights introduce and when was it created?

Answer 5

Standing army during peacetime, fair trials, freedom from excessive bail, freedom from cruel and unusual punishment, and freedom to petition government for any grievance.1688

Question 6

What is a charter?

Answer 6

A written grant of authority from the king to set up a colony

Question 7

What is the definition of a royal colony?

Answer 7

Subject to direct control of the king (through advisors)

Question 8

What is the definition of a proprietary colony and what in the name for their number of houses?

Answer 8

King gives the land to an individual and he is able to govern as he pleases with aide of legislature. Unicameral- one house

Question 9

What is the definition of a charter colony, what was the name for their number of houses, and how was the governor elected?

Answer 9

Allowed the colonists to govern themselves under the terms of the original charter.Bicameral-two houses, by the colonists

Question 10

Ordered Government

Answer 10

An orderly regulation of people’s relationship with one another

Question 11

Who came up with the Albany Plan of Union, when was it, what did it try to do, what was it, and was it supported?

Answer 11

Ben Franklin in 1754, unite the 13 colonies for trade, military and other purposes (annual congress of delegates), no

Question 12

What was the Stamp Act Congress, what was it, why was it importent, and what did it change?

Answer 12

Nine colonies met it 1765 to write down grievances and send them to the king, first time the colonies joined to oppose the king, some taxes were repealed

Question 13

What was the First Continental Congress, when did it meet, why did it meet, what happened and what did they call for later?

Answer 13

Colonies got together in September 1774 because of the intolerable acts, sent another declaration, called for a second congress in May

Question 14

When was the Second Continental Congress, why did they meet, why was that important and who was declared leader of the army?

Answer 14

May 1775, Britain refused to compromise, first national goverment, Washington

Question 15

When was the Declaration of Independence?

Answer 15

July 4, 1776

Question 16

Who wrote the Declaration of Independence, what was it and what were the three sections?

Answer 16

Jefferson, independence from Britain, 1-principles of American democracy, 2-list of grievances (longest),3-why colonists wanted peace and liberty and that Britain was not letting them

Question 17

About when did states get state constitutions and what were the four parts?

Answer 17

1776-1780
1-popular sovereignty 
2-limited government 
3-civil rights and liberties 
4-separation of powers and checks and balances

Question 18

When were the Articles of Confederation made?

Answer 18

1781

Question 19

What is a confederation?

Answer 19

Form of political organization in which sovereign states delegate power to a central government

Question 20

What did the articles of confederation set up?

Answer 20

Unicameral congress, 1 vote per state, each year congress would pick a person as president

Question 21

What problems did the articles of confederation address?

Answer 21

Fear of strong government or that some states would dominate others

Question 22

What are five weakness of the Articles of Confederation?

Answer 22

No power to tax, no national court system, executive to enforce acts of congress, regulation of foreign and interstate commerce, and needed 9/13 to pass laws

Question 23

What five things happened because of the Articles of Confederation?

Answer 23

States argued among themselves, they refused to support a new central government, some made agreements with foreign countries, the states taxes each others goods,debts went unpaid, and it resulted in political and economic instability

Question 24

How many states came to the framing of the Constitution? Which, if any, did not?

Answer 24

12/13, Rhode Island

Question 25

Who was named president of the Constitution convention?

Answer 25

Washington

Question 26

What were the influences on the Constitution? (4)

Answer 26

Montesquieu’s “The Spirit of the Law”, Greek and Roman Governments, British documents, the failure of the AOC

Question 27

How were issues decided with the framing of the Constitution?

Answer 27

A majority was needed, each state had one vote

Question 28

Who was really in charge of the framing of the Constitution and wrote most of it?

Answer 28

Madison

Question 29

What was the Virginia Plan and who proposed it? (4)

Answer 29

Large states and Madison, strong national government, state and national government, bicameral legislature, both state and reps elected based on population

Question 30

What was the New Jersey Plan and who proposed it? (5)

Answer 30

Smaller states, similar to AOC, legislature appoints people to executive, executive appoints judicial branch, unicameral legislature, states represented equally

Question 31

What was the Connecticut Compromise?

Answer 31

Senate would be equal, House of Representatives would be based on population

Question 32

What was the 3/5 compromise?

Answer 32

3/5 of the slaves would count for both population and taxes

Question 33

What were the new rule about commerce and slave trades?

Answer 33

Congress was forbidden to tax exports and forbidden to pass laws against the slave trade for 20 years

Question 34

When was the Constitution written?

Answer 34

September 17, 1787

Question 35

How many states had to agree to the Constitution?

Answer 35

9

Question 36

What were the two groups that were formed after the Constitution was signed?

Answer 36

Federalist and Anti-Federalist

Question 37

What were the three reasons the Federalists had to supported the Constitution?

Answer 37

They attended the Constitution framing, they stressed weakness of the articles and they said the new government could overcome weakness

Question 38

What were the five reasons the Anti-Federalists opposed ratification?

Answer 38

The ratification process, absence of any mention of God, denied states power to print money, increased powers of central government, lack of a bill of rights

Question 39

What were the Federalist Papers and who wrote them?

Answer 39

A series of articles writtem under the pen name of Publius by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John Jay

Question 40

When was the Constitution ratified?

Answer 40

September 13, 1788

Question 41

What was the first temporary capital?

Answer 41

New York

Question 42

Who was the first president and vice president?

Answer 42

Washington, John Adams