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Z - American Goverment (Nixa High) > Chapter Four: Elections > Flashcards

Chapter Four: Elections Flashcards

1
Q

What are political parties?

A

Groups of citizens organized to elect candidates to public office

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2
Q

What were the first political parties and how did they change over time?

A

Federalists to Whigs to Republican Party

Anti-Federalists to Democratic-Republican to Democratic

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3
Q

Who were the early members of the first political parties and what were their beliefs?

A

Fed (Hamilton, Adams) wanted a stronger centralized government and leadership, especially economically and with the military. Anti-Fed (Jefferson) reflected early liberals where tolerance, freedoms, and independent actions were primary

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4
Q

Who won the 1788 election and what party were they?

A

Washington (no party)

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5
Q

Who won the 1792 election and what party were they?

A

Washington (no party)

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6
Q

Who won the 1796 election and what party were they?

A

John Adams (Federalist)

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7
Q

Who won the 1800 election and what party were they?

A

Thomas Jefferson (Democratic-Republican)

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8
Q

Who won the 1804 election and what party were they?

A

Thomas Jefferson (Democratic-Republican)

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9
Q

Who won the 1808 election and what party were they?

A

James Madison (Democratic-Republican)

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10
Q

Who won the 1812 election and what party were they?

A

James Madison (Democratic-Republican)

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11
Q

Who won the 1816 election and what party were they?

A

James Monroe (Democratic-Republican)

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12
Q

Who won the 1820 election and what party were they?

A

James Monroe (Democratic-Republican)

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13
Q

Who won the 1824 election, what party were they, and who did they beat?

A

John Quincy Adams (Democratic-Republican) beats Andrew Jackson (Democratic-Republican)

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14
Q

Who won the 1828 election, what party were they, and who did they beat?

A

Andrew Jackson (Democrat) beats John Quincy Adams (National Republican)

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15
Q

Who won the 1832 election and what party were they?

A

Andrew Jackson (Democrat)

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16
Q

Who won the 1836 election, what party were they, and who did they beat?

A

Martin Van Buren (Democrat) beat the Whigs

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17
Q

Who won the 1840 election, what party were they, and who did they beat?

A

William Henry Harrison (Whig) beat Martin Van Buren (Democrat)

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18
Q

Who won the 1844 election and what party were they?

A

Polk (Democrat)

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19
Q

Who won the 1848 election, what party were they, and who did they beat?

A

Zachary Taylor (Whig) beats Martin Van Buren (Free Soil)

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20
Q

Who won the 1852 election, what party were they, and who did they beat?

A

Franklin Pierce (Democrat) beat Hale (Free Soil) and Winfred Scott (Whig)

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21
Q

Who won the 1856 election, what party were they and who did they beat?

A

James Buchanan (Democrat), beats Fremont (Republican) and Millard Fillmore (American)

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22
Q

Who won the 1860 election, what party were they and who did they beat?

A

Lincoln (Republican) beats John C. Breckenridge (Democrat) and Stephen Douglas (Democrat) and John Bell (Constitutional Union)

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23
Q

Who won the 1864 election, what party were they?

A

Lincoln (Republican)

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24
Q

Who won the 1868 election, what party were they?

A

Ulysses S. Grant (Republican)

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25
Q

Who won the 1872 election, what party were they, and who did they beat?

A

Ulysses S. Grant (Republican) beats Greeley (LIberal Republican)

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26
Q

Who won the 1876 election, what party were they, and who did they beat?

A

Rutherford B. Hayes (Republican) beats Tilldan (Democrat) and Peter Cooper (Greenback)

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27
Q

Who won the 1880 election, what party were they, and who did they beat?

A

Garfield (Republican) beats Hancock (Democrat) and Weaver (Greenback)

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28
Q

Who won the 1884 election, what party were they, and who did they beat?

A

Grover Cleveland (Democrat) beats Blaine (Republican) and Butler (Greenback) and St. John (Prohibition)

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29
Q

Who won the 1888 election, what party were they, and who did they beat?

A

Benjamin Harrison (Republican) beats Cleveland (Democrat) and Fisk (Prohibition)

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30
Q

Who won the 1892 election, what party were they, and who did they beat?

A

Grover Cleveland (Democrat) beats Benjamin Harrison (Republican), Weaver (Populist) and Bidwell (Prohibition)

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31
Q

Who won the 1896 election, what party were they, and who did they beat?

A

William McKinley (Republican) beats Levering (Prohibition) and William Jennings Bryan (Democrat)

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32
Q

Who won the 1900 election, what party were they, and what parties did they beat?

A

William McKinley (Republican) beats Democrat, Populist and Prohibition

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33
Q

Who won the 1904 election, what party were they, and what parties did they beat?

A

Teddy Roosevelt (Republican) beats Democrat, Socialist and Prohibition

34
Q

Who won the 1908 election, what party were they, and what parties did they beat?

A

William Howard Taft (Republican) beats Democrat, Socialist and Prohibition

35
Q

Who won the 1912 election, what party were they, and who/what parties did they beat?

A

Woodrow Wilson (Democrat) beats Democrat, Socialist and Prohibition Parties and Teddy Roosevelt (Progressive)

36
Q

Who won the 1916 election and what party were they?

A

Woodrow Wilson (Democrat)

37
Q

Who won the 1920 election and what party were they?

A

William Harding (Republican)

38
Q

Who won the 1924 election and what party were they?

A

Calvin Coolidge (Republican)

39
Q

Who won the 1928 election and what party were they?

A

Herbert Hoover (Republican)

40
Q

Who won the 1932 election, what party were they, and who did they beat?

A

Franklin D. Roosevelt (Democrat) beat Herbert Hoover (Republican)

41
Q

Who won the 1936 election, what party were they, and who did they beat?

A

Franklin D. Roosevelt (Democrat) beat Landon (Republican) and William Lemke (Union)

42
Q

Who won the 1940 election and what party were they?

A

Franklin D. Roosevelt (Democrat)

43
Q

Who won the 1944 election and what party were they?

A

Franklin D. Roosevelt (Democrat)

44
Q

Who won the 1948 election, and who did they beat?

A

Harry S. Truman beats Dewey (Republican), Strom Thurmond (Dixiecrat) and Henry Wallace (Progressive)

45
Q

Who won the 1952 election and what party were they?

A

Dwight Eisenhower (Republican)

46
Q

Who won the 1956 election what party were they

A

Dwight Eisenhower (Republican)

47
Q

Who won the 1960 election what party were they

A

JFK (Democrat)

48
Q

Who won the 1964 election what party were they

A

LBJ (Democrat)

49
Q

Who won the 1968 election, what party were they, and who did they beat?

A

Richard Nixon (Republican) beat Hubert Humphrey (Democrat) and George Wallace (American Independent)

50
Q

Who won the 1972 election and what party were they

A

Richard Nixon (Republican)

51
Q

Who won the 1976 election, what party were they, and who did they beat?

A

Jimmy Carter (Democrat) beat Gerald Ford (Republican)

52
Q

Who won the 1980 election, what party were they, and who did they beat?

A

Ronald Reagan (Republican) beat Carter (Democrat) and Ed Clark (Libertarian)

53
Q

Who won the 1984 election and what party were they

A

Ronald Reagan (Republican)

54
Q

Who won the 1988 election, what party were they, and who did they beat?

A

George W. Bush (Republican) beat Micheal Dukakis (Democrat)

55
Q

Who won the 1992 election, what party were they, and who did they beat?

A

Bill Clinton (Democrat) beats George W. Bush (Republican) and Ross Perot (Reform)

56
Q

Who won the 1996 election and what party were they

A

Bill Clinton (Democrat)

57
Q

Who won the 2000 election, what party were they, and who did they beat?

A

George W. Bush (Republican) beat Al Gore (Democrat) and Ralph Nader (Green)

58
Q

Who won the 2004 election and what party were they

A

George W. Bush (Republican)

59
Q

Who won the 2008 election, what party were they, and who did they beat

A

Barack Obama (Democrat) beats John McCain (Republican)

60
Q

Who won the 2012 election and what party were they?

A

Barack Obama (Democrat)

61
Q

What influence do third parties have on the political process?

A

They do not win elections, but they may influence one of the major parties policies (social security and the graduated income tax)

62
Q

What are four groups and the economic status of democrats?

A

African Americans, Catholics, Women and labor unions, lower economic status

63
Q

What are three groups and the economic status of republicans?

A

White males, protestant, and businesses, higher economic status

64
Q

Who created the animals that represent democrats and republicans and how were they chosen?

A

Thomas Nast
Elephant was in Harper’s Weekly in 1874
Andrew Jackson’s nickname

65
Q

What are the the seven steps of the election process for presidents?

A

The candidates announce -> primary process -> national convention -> choosing a running mate -> campaigning -> election day -> electoral college

66
Q

What is the electoral college?

A

The group of people chosen from each state and the District of Columbia to formally select the President and Vice President

67
Q

Which two states have proportional distribution and what does that mean?

A

Nebraska and Maine, the state winner receives two electors and the winner of each congressional district receives one elector

68
Q

Why do we have an electoral college?

A

The framers of the constitution did not want congress (too much power to the electors), but they did not want a popular vote either (people were too scattered to be informed)

69
Q

How are the number of electors decided?

A

Number of representatives in the house plus the number in the senate

70
Q

What is the least number of votes a state can have (or in the district of columbia)?

A

3

71
Q

How many total electoral votes are there?

A

538 (435 in house + 100 in senate + 3 in DoC)

72
Q

What is the majority of electoral votes needed?

A

270

73
Q

If there is a tie then how is the tie broken for president?

A

House of Reps (each state gets one vote)

74
Q

What is the definition of federalism?

A

power is divided between a central government and the states by a written constitution

75
Q

What are expressed powers?

A

Powers clearly spelled out in the constitution

76
Q

What are implied powers?

A

Powers suggested or implied by the expressed power

77
Q

What are inherent powers?

A

Powers national governments have traditionally had

78
Q

What are exclusive powers?

A

Powers given only to the national government

79
Q

What are concurrent powers?

A

National and state powers that are exercised separately and simultaneously

80
Q

What is the order of supremacy in laws and courts? (5)

A

Constitution -> Act/Treaties of Congress -> State constitutions -> State laws -> local laws

Z - American Goverment (Nixa High) (13 decks)

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