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Certified Nursing Assistant Study Guide > Chapters 1-7 > Flashcards

Chapters 1-7 Flashcards

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1
Q

Chart

A

The medical record where info on a patient is recorded

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2
Q

Objective data

A

Observations of a patient made by one’s senses, such as seeing a rash or hearing moans of pain

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3
Q

Flowchart

A

A computer screen (part of the patient record) that documents the actions and observations made at regular intervals; aka flow sheet

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4
Q

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

A

Bottom to top
Physiological, safety & security, belongingness & love, self-esteem, and self-actualization

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5
Q

Age-specific Care Considerations

A

Attention to patient’s safety, communication, and comfort needs that takes into account the age of the patient and the patient’s stage of life

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6
Q

Infection

A

The invasion and growth of disease-causing microorganisms in the body

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7
Q

Pathogens

A

Microorganisms, such as bacteria or viruses, that can cause disease

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8
Q

Bacteria

A

Single-celled, microscopic organisms. Some beneficial, while others cause disease

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9
Q

Virus

A

The smallest known infectious agent

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10
Q

Fungi

A

Microscopic, single-celled or multicellular plants that can cause disease

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11
Q

Strep

A

A type of bacteria that’s a common cause of chest and throat infections

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12
Q

Infectious

A

Referring to a disease that can be spread; communicable

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13
Q

Chain of Infection

A

The process by which an infectious disease transmitted to and develops in a person’s body

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14
Q

Causative agent

A

In the chain of infection, the pathogen that causes the infection or disease

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15
Q

Carrier

A

A person who had a disease that can be passed on to others but who doesn’t display signs or symptoms of the disease

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16
Q

Fomite

A

Any object that’s contaminated with pathogens and can transmit disease

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17
Q

Portal of entry

A

In the chain of infection, that means by which the pathogens enters the host body

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18
Q

Susceptible host

A

In the chain of infection, the individual who acquires the pathogen; if the host is unable to resist the pathogen, it begins to reproduce and cause infection

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19
Q

Droplet transmission

A

Transmisson of microorganisms by droplet propelled through the air by sneezing, coughing, or talking

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20
Q

Healthcare- associated infections (HAIs)

A

An infection acquired while in a healthcare facility

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21
Q

Nosocomial infection

A

An infection acquired while in a healthcare facility

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22
Q

Doffing

A

Removing personal protective equipment, following the correct procedure

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23
Q

Disinfection

A

A cleaning process that destroys most microorganisms through the use of certain chemicals or boiling water

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24
Q

Isolation

A

Specific procedures and precautions designed to prevent a patient from infecting others or being infected by others

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25
Q

Standard Precautions

A

Guidelines that apply to the care of all patients, no matter what their known infection status is; every patient is treated as if they are potentially infectious

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26
Q

Transmission-based precautions

A

Isolation precautions used when caring for patients who have a contagious disease caused by an identified pathogen

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27
Q

Body mechanics

A

Special techniques to coordinate balance and movement so as to prevent strain and injury

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28
Q

Base of support

A

The area on which an object rests; when you are standing, your feet are your base of support

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29
Q

Restraints

A

Belts, straps, or garments used to hold a patient in position or to restrict the movement of a limb

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30
Q

Chemical restraints

A

Certain drugs, such as sedatives, that restrain a person by controlling their behavior

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31
Q

PASS

A

Used to remember the steps for using a fire extinguisher
P- pull the pin
A- Aim the nozzle
S- squeeze the handle
S- sweep the extinguisher side to side

32
Q

Shock

A

The body’s reaction to a strong and sudden disturbance, marked by rapid, weak pulse; shallow, rapid respirations; pale, cool, clammy skin; lowered blood pressure

33
Q

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

A

An emergency procedure used to keep blood and oxygen flowing to vital organs during cardiac or respiratory arrest

34
Q

Respiratory arrest

A

The stopping of breathing

35
Q

Lethal heart rhythm

A

An irregular disturbance of the electrical sequences of the heart that can lead to death

36
Q

Petit mal seizure

A

A type of seizure characterized by a loss of awareness for a short period of time, often less than a minute

37
Q

Grand mal seizure

A

A type of seizure characterized by a loss of consciousness and jerky muscle contractions

38
Q

Plan of care

A

A written plan that provides direction for each patient’s care, including the goals for patient and the actions required to meet them

39
Q

Confidentiality

A

The principle of not revealing private information to others

40
Q

Standards of care

A

A set of guidelines that serve as a model for good nursing assistant care

41
Q

Negligence

A

A failure to provide the care that should be reasonably expected to provide, which causes harm to a patient or a patient’s property

42
Q

Malpractice

A

Negligence by a professional person, such as physician, nurse, or pharmacist

43
Q

False imprisonment

A

The illegal confinement or restraint of a person against their will

44
Q

Incident

A

Any unusual event such as an accident or a situation that could cause an accident

45
Q

Verbal communication

A

Communication that uses written or spoken words

46
Q

Nonverbal communication

A

Communication without words; body language

47
Q

Body language

A

Nonverbal communication, such as facial expression, tone of voice, posture, and gestures

48
Q

Route of transmission

A

In the chain of infection, the way a pathogen is transmitted from the reservoir to the new host’s body

49
Q

Airborne transmission

A

Transmission of microorganisms by evaporated droplets or dust particles moving through the air

50
Q

Donning

A

Applying PPE

51
Q

Cardiac arrest

A

The stopping of the heart function and circulation

52
Q

Automated external defibrillator (AED)

A

A portable, lightweight device that can detect a lethal heart rhythm, deliver a shock that stops the lethal rhythm, and lets the normal heart rhythm resume

53
Q

Heimlich maneuver

A

An emergency procedure involving the use of abdominal thrusts on a person who’s chocking to clear the obstructed airway

54
Q

Prospective payment

A

A system for paying providers in which illnesses and procedures are grouped into related types, known as diagnostic-related groups (DRGs)

55
Q

Managed care

A

A program in which the cost of health care goods and services are controlled

56
Q

Acute illness

A

An illness that comes on suddenly and is generally of short duration

57
Q

Chronic illness

A

An illness that develops slowly and continues over a long period of time

58
Q

Activities of Daily Living (ADLs)

A

Everyday activities or tasks, such as eating, dressing, bathing, and toileting

59
Q

Scope of practice

A

The range of activities that can legally be performed within a particular health occupation

60
Q

Subjective data

A

Information reporting by a patient about how they are feeling

61
Q

Holistic health

A

The view in health care that regards the body, mind, and spirit as interrelated dimensions of a person’s being and considers the needs of the whole person

62
Q

Microorganisms

A

Living things so small that they can only be seen with a microscope; aka microbes or germs

63
Q

Protozoa

A

Single-celled, microscopic animals, usually living in water, that can cause disease

64
Q

Staph

A

A type of bacteria that’s a common cause of infection

65
Q

Reservoir of the agent

A

In the chain of infection, the place where a pathogen (agent) can live and reproduce, such as in a person who has the disease, an animal, or a fomite

66
Q

Portal of exit

A

In the chain of infection, that means by which the pathogens leave the reservoir

67
Q

Contact transmission

A

Transfer of microorganisms by contact with body surfaces or contaminated objects

68
Q

Communicable

A

Referring to a disease that can be spread from one person to another, either directly or through an animal or object; infectious

69
Q

Barriers

A

PPP, such as gloves, gowns, mask, and goggles, designed to prevent contact with the body fluids of patients

70
Q

Sterilization

A

A cleaning process that kills all microorganisms, including spores

71
Q

Terminal cleaning

A

Thorough cleaning of the patient unit after the patient is discharged

72
Q

Flora

A

Microorganisms normally present in or on the human body

73
Q

Clove hitch

A

A type of knot that can be easily released in case of an emergency

74
Q

RACE

A

Used to remember the sequence of actions to take in case of a fire:
R-remove patients to a safe zone
A-activate the alarm
C-Contain the fire
E-extinguish the fire

75
Q

Carotid pulse

A

A rhythmic expansion of the carotid artery that can be palpated with 2 fingers placed lightly on either side of the neck close of the trachea

76
Q

Seizures

A

Sudden, violent contractions or trembling of muscles caused by a disturbance of brain activity; aka convulsions

Certified Nursing Assistant Study Guide (7 decks)

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