Chapter2

Question 1

Atoms

Answer 1

Smallest functional unit of matter that form all chemical substances, can’t be broken down further.

Question 2

3 subatomic particles

Answer 2

Protons
Electrons
Neutrons.

Question 3

Protons

Answer 3

Positively charged, found in nucleus same #as electrons

Question 4

Neutrons

Answer 4

Neutral found in nucleus,#can vary

Question 5

Electrons

Answer 5

Negatively charged, found in orbitals, same # as protons.

Question 6

S orbitals

Answer 6

Are spherical

Question 7

P orbitals

Answer 7

Propeller/dumbbell shaped

Question 8

How many electron can each orbital hold.

Answer 8

2 electron, an atom with more than 2 electron have more than 1 orbital

Question 9

1st Shell

Answer 9

1 spherical orbital, holds 2 electron

Question 10

2nd shell

Answer 10

1 spherical orbitan & 3 propeller / dumbbell shaped orbitals, holds 4 pairs of electrons.

Question 11

Protons

Answer 11

Of protons distinguishes one element from another

Question 12

Periodic table

Answer 12

Organizes elements by atomic #

Question 13

Atomic Mass

Answer 13

Protons+ #nutrons

Question 14

Dalton (d)

Answer 14

Unit of measurement for atomic mass

Question 15

Isotopes

Answer 15

Multiple forms of an element that differ in The # of neutrons.

Question 16

Molecule

Answer 16

2/ more atoms bonded together

Question 17

Molecular formula

Answer 17

Contains chemical symbols of elements found in a molecule

Question 18

Compound

Answer 18

Molecule composed of 2/more atoms/elements

Question 19

3 types of bonds

Answer 19

Covalent
Hydrogen
Ionic

Question 20

2 covalent bonds

Answer 20

Polar covalent
Non polar covalent

Question 21

Covalent bonds

Answer 21

Atoms share a pair of electrons

Question 22

Covalent bond occurs

Answer 22

Between atoms whose outer electron Shells are not full

Question 23

Covalent bonds can share

Answer 23

1 pair of electron- single bond h-f
2 pairs of electron- double bond 0=0
3 pairs of electron- triple bond

Question 24

Octet Rule

Answer 24

Atoms are staple when their outer shell is full

Question 25

Polar covalent bonds.

Answer 25

Electrons are not equally shared

Question 26

Nonpolar covalent bonds.

Answer 26

Equal sharing of electron

Question 27

Hydrogen bond.

Answer 27

Hydrogen atom from one polar molecule attracted to electronegative part of another molecule

Question 28

How does hydrogen bonds represents

Answer 28

With a dashed/dotted lines.

Question 29

Ionic bonds

Answer 29

An ion is an atom/molecule that was gained/ lost one/more electron

Question 30

Cations

Answer 30

Net positive charge

Question 31

Anions

Answer 31

Net negative charge

Question 32

Chemical reactions

Answer 32

Occurs when 1/more substance are changed into other substances.

Question 33

Hydrophilic substance

Answer 33

Water loving, are a polar substance

Question 34

Hydrophobic substance

Answer 34

Water fearing, nonpoler substance

Question 35

Amphipathic molecule.

Answer 35

Have polar & non polar regions.

Question 36

Concentration

Answer 36

Amount of a solute dissolved in a unit volume of solution

Question 37

Acids

Answer 37

Are molecules that release hydrogen ions in solution

Question 38

Bases

Answer 38

Lower the h+ concentration

Question 39

Ph

Answer 39

Measure of acidity

Question 40

Ph is measured by

Answer 40

H+

Question 41

Below ph 7

Answer 41

Acidic solutions

Question 42

Ph 7

Answer 42

Natural

Question 43

Above ph 7

Answer 43

Alkaline

Question 44

Buffers

Answer 44

Help to Keep a constant ph range