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OU Bio 1200- Biology1 > Chapter 14 > Flashcards

Chapter 14 Flashcards

1
Q

Conserves energy

A

Proteine produce as needed

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2
Q

Constitutive gene

A

Unregulated & have essentially constant levels of expression

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3
Q

Bacterial gene regulation

A

Occurs at Transcription leve/or Control mRNA translation rate, or regalate proteine.

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4
Q

Eukaryotic gene regulation

A

Transcriptional regulation, RNA processing, translation, post- translation

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5
Q

Repressors

A

Inhibit Transcription
negative control

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6
Q

Activators

A

Increase the rate of Transcription
positive Control

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7
Q

Small effector molecole

A

Binds to regulate Transcription factor & cause conformational change

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8
Q

2 domains in regulatory Transcription factors.

A

Site where protein binds to DNA
Site for small effetto molecole

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9
Q

Operon

A

in batteria.
A cluster of genes under transcriptional Control of One promoter.

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10
Q

Polycistronic mRNA

A

Encodes more than 1 protein.

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11
Q

Lac operano

A

in e.coli
Contains lactose metabolism genes

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12
Q

LacP

A

Promoter

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13
Q

3 structural genes

A

Lac Z -β-galactosidase (enzyme)
Lac y- lactose permease (transporter)
Lac A- galactosidase transacetylase (modifies lactose)

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14
Q

LacO- operator-

A

Provides building site for Repressor protein

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15
Q

CAP site

A

Activator protein binding site

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16
Q

LacL gene-

A

Codes for lac Repressore

17
Q

In absent of lactose

A

Lac repressor protein binds to nucleotide, prevents RNA polymers from transcribing LacZ,LacY,LacA

18
Q

When lactose is present

A

4 allolactose molecules binds to Lac repressor prevents repressor from binding

19
Q

CAP ( catabolite activator protein)

A

An activator protein

20
Q

When lactose & glucose are high

A

Lac operon is shut off

21
Q

When lactose is high & glucose is low

A

Lac operon is turned on

22
Q

When lactose is low & glucose is high / low

A

Lac operon is off

23
Q

Low tryptophan level

A

Trp repressor can’t bind & operon genes transcribed

24
Q

High tryptophan levels.

A

Tryptophan turns off the trp operon

25
Q

How does tryptophan acts?

A

Like a small repressor molecule/ corepressor.

26
Q

Inducible

A

Allolactose induces transcription

27
Q

When does lac repressor binds to it’s operon??

A

In absence of it’s small effector molecule

28
Q

When does trp binds to it’S operon?

A

In presence of it’s small effector molecule

29
Q

Repressible

A

Tryptophan represses transcription

30
Q

Activators binds to….

A

Enhancers

31
Q

Repressors binds to….

A

Silencers

32
Q

Binding to GTFs

A

This can enhance or prevent theformation of the pre- initiation complex

33
Q

Mediator

A

Activators stimulate the function of mediator by allowing faster initiation

34
Q

Histone acetyltrasferase

A

Attaches acetyl groups to histone amino tails so they don’t bind DNA as tightly

OU Bio 1200- Biology1 (7 decks)

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