Chapter17 part6 p.588-9 visual pathway

Question 0

The large gangion cells that monitor rods are called

Answer 0

M cells-magnocells

Question 1

Unlike other sensory pathways with 1synapse between receptor and sensory neuron, the visual pathways must cross how many synapses? between which cells?

Answer 1

2 synapses- photoreceptor, bipolar, ganglion

Question 2

function of m cell

Answer 2

general form of obj, motion, shadows in dim light- a lot of convergence- light arrived to gneral area rather than specific location

Question 3

how does gangion make up for loss of specificity due to convergence

Answer 3

respond differently to stimuli that arrive in the center vs. edges

Question 4

on center neuron function

Answer 4

ganglion- excited by light arriving in center, inhibited when arrives at the edge of their receptive field

Question 5

off-center neurons

Answer 5

inhibited by light in central zone, stimulated by illumination at the edges

Question 6

how does cones converge

Answer 6

very little convergence

Question 7

ganglion cells that monitor cones are called

Answer 7

p cells- parvo cells

Question 8

p cells vs. m cells population

Answer 8

p cells more numerous

Question 9

2 optic nerves, from each eyes, reach the diencephalon at the

Answer 9

optic chiasm

Question 10

where do the neural fibers head to after the optic chiasm

Answer 10

half to same and half to different side lateral geniculate nucleus

Question 11

where does signal go after later geniculate nucleus

Answer 11

occipital cortex of cerebral hemisphere

Question 12

bundle of projection fiber linnking lateral geniculates with visual cortex is

Answer 12

optic radiation

Question 13

Other signals from lateral geniculate besides the one to visual cortex- ex.

Answer 13

subconscious processing centers in diencephalon and brain stem
ex. pupillary reflex and eye movement reflex- collaterals carrying info to superior colliculi

Question 14

collaterals that bypass lateral geniculates synapse in which 2 places

Answer 14

superior colliculi, hypothalamus

Question 15

function of superior colliculi of the midbrain

Answer 15

issue motor command that control unconscious eye, head, neck mvmt in response to visual stimuli

Question 16

funciton of suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus

Answer 16

affect function of other brain stem nuclei

Question 17

suprachiasmatic nucleus and pineal gland of epithalamus receive visual info and use it to

Answer 17

establish circadiam rhythm- linked to metabolic rate, endocrine funciton, bp, digestive activitieies, sleep-wake cycle, etc.