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anatomy final > Chapter17 part3 p.575-577 > Flashcards

Chapter17 part3 p.575-577 Flashcards

0
Q

Where does the ciliary body extend to?

A

ora serrata

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1
Q

At its periphery, Iris attaches to anterior portion of the _________

A

ciliary body

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2
Q

What is the serrated anterior edge of retina?

A

ora serrata

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3
Q

what consists the bulk of the ciliary body?

A

ciliary muscle

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4
Q

describe ciliary muscle

A

ring of smooth muscle that projects into the interior of the eye

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5
Q

the epithelium covering the ciliary muscle has numerous folds called what

A

ciliary processes

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6
Q

What is the ring of fibers that attaches the lens to the ciliary processes?

A

ciliary zonule/suspensory ligament

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7
Q

what is a vascular layer that separates fibrous layer and the inner layer posterior to the ora serata?

A

choroid

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8
Q

choroid is overed by

A

sclera

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9
Q

choroid is attached to the outermost layer of the

A

retina

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10
Q

what in the choroid deliver oxygen and nutrients to retina?

A

extensive capillary networks

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11
Q

choroid contains melanocytes- where is is especially numerous?

A

near the sclera

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12
Q

what are the 2 layers of the retina/inner layer?

A

thin outer lyaer=pigmented part

thick, inner layer= neural part

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13
Q

what is the role of the pigmented part?

A

absorb light that passes through the neural part

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14
Q

what prevents the visual”echoes”

A

the pigmented pat absorbing light

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15
Q

where are the light receptors located?

A

neural part of retina

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16
Q

what is the role of the supporting cells and neurons in the neural part of retina?

A

preliminary processing and integration of visual information

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17
Q

Are the 2 layers of retina tightly interconnected?

A

NO

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18
Q

The pigmented part of retina continues over ciliary body and iris. What about the neural part?

A

extends only up to ora serrata

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19
Q

The outermost layer of the retina, closest to the pigmented part of retina, contains___________

A

photoreceptors

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20
Q

2 main types of photoreceptors

A

rods, cones

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21
Q

Which photoreceptor allows us to see in dimly lit rooms?

A

rods

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22
Q

What are the 3 types of cones?

A

red, green, blue

23
Q

A person who sees 3 primary colors is called

A

trichromat

24
Q

________ give us sharper, clearer images

A

cones

25
Q

________ requires more intense light

A

cones

26
Q

What is the third type of photoreceptor?

A

intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell (ipRGC)

27
Q

What is the photopigment in ipRGC?

A

melanopsin

28
Q

What is the function of ipRGC?

A

They respond to different levels of brightness and influence body’s 24hr circadia rhythm

29
Q

How are rods and cones distributes across retina?

A

rods- periphery of retina- highest concentration

cones-concentrated in macula-no rods

30
Q

Highest concentration of cones occur where?

A

center of macula- fovea centralis/fovea

31
Q

Site of sharpest vision

A

fovea

32
Q

line drawn from center of object through center of lense to fovea is

A

visual axis

33
Q

Rods and cones synapse with about 6 million neurons called ______

A

bipolar cells

34
Q

bipolar cells synapse with

A

ganglion cells

35
Q

ganglion cells are adjacent to (big structure)

A

posterior cavity

36
Q

Describe the connection level of horizontal cells and amacrine cells that facilitate or inhibit communication between photoreceptors and ganglion cells to alter retina sensitivity

A

horizontal cells: photoreceptors and bipolar cells

amacrine cells: bipolar cells and ganglion cells

37
Q

Axons from estimated 1 million galnglion cells converge on the ______

A

optic disc

38
Q

optic disc is a circular region _____ to the fovea

A

medial

39
Q

From the optic disc, the axons go to

A

diencephalon

40
Q

Optic disc is (vision)

A

blind spot

41
Q

Why don’t you see blind spot in normal vision?

A

involuntary eye movements keep visual image moving and allow brain to fill in the missing info

42
Q

Posterior body also contains aqueous humor but ________ takes up most of the volume

A

vitreous body

43
Q

Aqueous humor passes from posterior to anterior chamber through _____

A

pupil

44
Q

Aqueous humor diffuses across ________

A

surface of retina

45
Q

aqueous humor forms by active secretion by epithelial cells of the _______

A

ciliary process in ciliary body

46
Q

aqueous humor function

A

carry nutrient and waste

fluid cushion

47
Q

fluid pressure stabilize position of ______

A

retina

48
Q

Intraocular pressure can be measured in the _________

A

anterior chamber

49
Q

Intraocular pressure checked by what method

A

applanation tonometry

50
Q

Aqueous humor filters through network of connective tissue located

A

near the base of iris

51
Q

After passing through the base of the iris, the aqueous humor enters

A

scleral venous sinus/canal of Schlemm

52
Q

Where does aqueous humor go after scleral venous sinus?

A

collecting channels deliver it to veins in the sclera

53
Q

Specialized cells embedded in the vitreous body produce ___________ and __________ that account for the gelatinous consistency of this mass

A

collagen fibers, proteoglycan

54
Q

When is vitreous body formed?

A

during development of the eye - not replaced

anatomy final (11 decks)

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