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anatomy final > Chapter17 part 7 p.590-2 anatomy of ear > Flashcards

Chapter17 part 7 p.590-2 anatomy of ear Flashcards

0
Q

equilibrium sensation inform of position of head in space by monitoring what 3 things

A

gravity, linear acceleration, rotation

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1
Q

internal ear is located in petrous part of the _________ bone of the skull

A

temporal

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2
Q

What is the basic receptors for hearing and equilibrium

A

hair cells

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3
Q

3 anatomical regions of ear

A

external, middle, internal

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4
Q

outer fleshy cartilaginous region

A

auricle/pinna

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5
Q

passageway that pinna surrounds

A

external acoustic meatus/auditory canal

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6
Q

external acoustic meatus ends at

A

tympanic membrane/eardrum

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7
Q

glands found in external ear + their secretion

A

ceruminous glands secrete cerumen

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8
Q

middle ear also called

A

tympanic cavity

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9
Q

What does the middle ear communicate w/ and through what?

A

nasopharynx- auditory tube/pharyngotympanic tube/Eustachian tube
mastoid air cells-small connection

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10
Q

describe 2 portions of auditory tube+ its function

A
  1. narrow, near connection to middle ear- supported by elastic cartilage
  2. near opening to nasopharynx- broad and funnel shaped

equalize pressure on either side of tympanic membrane

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11
Q

microorganism invasion through auditory tube

A

otitis media

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12
Q

middle ear bones (collectively and individual)+ function

A

auditory ossicles- connect tympanic membrane w/ receptor complex of internal ear
malleus, incus, stapes

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13
Q

malleus function

A

hammer- attach at 3 points to interior surface of tympanic membrane

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14
Q

incus function

A

anvil0 middle - attach malleus to stapes

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15
Q

stapes function

A

edge of base of tapes bound to edge of oval window

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16
Q

oval window

A

oepning in tempora bone that surrounds internal ear

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17
Q

joints between auditory ossicles

A

synovial joints

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18
Q

How are sounds amplified?

A

ossicles act as lever system

tympanic membrane is 22 times larger and heavier than oval window

19
Q

2 muscles that protect tympanic membrane and ossicles from violent movement

A
  1. tensor tympani

2. stapedius

20
Q

tensor tympani inserts on

A

handle of malleus

21
Q

contraction of tensor tympani has what kind of effect?

A

pulls malleus medially + stiffen tympanic membrane

22
Q

tensor tympani innervated by motor fibers of mandibular branch of what nerve

A

trigeminal nerve V

23
Q

stapedius muscle innervated by what nerve?

A

facial nerve VII

24
Q

tensor tympani originates where

A

petrous part of temporal bond and auditory tube

25
Q

stapedius muslce originates where

A

posterior wall of middle ear

26
Q

stapedius inserts where?

A

stapes

27
Q

contraction of stapedius does what?

A

pulls stapes + reduce mvmt of stapes at oval window

28
Q

superificial contours of internal ear formed by layer of dense bone known as

A

bondy labyrinth

29
Q

walls of bony labyrinth continuous w/ what

A

surrounding temporal bone

30
Q

delicate interconnected network of fluid filled tubes inside the bony labyrinth

A

membranous labyrinth

31
Q

where are the receptors of the internal ear found?

A

membranous labyrinth

32
Q

between the bony and membranous labyrinth flows what

A

perilymph

33
Q

what is perilymph

A

liquid that closely resembles cerebrospinal fluid

34
Q

membranous labyrinth contains

A

endolymph

35
Q

what is endolyph

A

fluid w/ electrolyte concentrations that differ from those of typical body fluids

36
Q

3 subdivision of bony labyrinth

A
  1. vestibule
  2. semicircular canals
  3. cochlea
37
Q

what is vestibule + name the sacs

A

pair of membranous sacs- saccule, utricle

38
Q

function of vestibule

A

sensation of gravity and linear acceleration

39
Q

semicircular canals enclose slender________

A

semicircular ducts

40
Q

receptors in semicircular ducts stimulated by

A

rotation of head

41
Q

vestibular complex

A

combination of vestibule and semicircular canals

42
Q

define cochlea

A

spiral-shpaed, bony chamber

43
Q

cochlea contains _____ of membranous labyrinth

A

cochlear duct

44
Q

where is the cochlear duct located?

A

sandwiched between pair of perilymph- filled chambers

45
Q

2 small areas where the wall of the bony labyrinth is not dense bone- describe them

A

round window- thin, membranous partition that separates perilymph of the cochlear chambers from air- filled middle ear.
oval window- collagen fiber cnnect bony margins of this opening to base of the stapes

anatomy final (11 decks)

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