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PSYC 1100 > chapter two (biology of the mind) > Flashcards

chapter two (biology of the mind) Flashcards

1
Q

neural basis of behaviour

A

neural communication
nervous system
the brain

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2
Q

neurons

A

conducting cells of the nervous system

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3
Q

cell body

A

contains genetic info

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4
Q

dentrites

A

recieves info

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5
Q

axon

A

conducts electrical impulses

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6
Q

neuron ‘on’

A

exictatory transmitter

action potetnial +40mV

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7
Q

neuron ‘off’

A

inhibitory transmitters

reesting potential -70mV

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8
Q

synapse

A

junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite of the recieving neuron

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9
Q

neauron transmitters

A

chemical signals carry messgags across synapse , can excite or inhibit the post synaptic neuron

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10
Q

resting potential

A

-70mV, more positive (Na+) ions outside, more negitive ions inside

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11
Q

action potential

A

nerve impulse

brief electrical charge

depolarization: changr in voltagr -70mV to 40mV (Na+ ions flow in)

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12
Q

thershold

A

level of stimulsis needed to cause action poential, all or nothing response, -65mV

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13
Q

Nervous system sections

A

central (brain/spine)

peripheral
autonomic somatic
symapthic, parasymathic

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14
Q

peripheral NS

A

connects CNS with muscles, glands and receptors

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15
Q

somatic NS

A

sensory and motor neurons bind to create nerves

transmit messages to sensory receptors

control

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16
Q

autonomic NS

A

controls glands and smooth musucles in body organs

autonomic responses

has parasymapthic and sympathic NS

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17
Q

sympathic

A

arouses (flight of fight)

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18
Q

parasymapthic

A

slows body down

19
Q

brain

A

3 lbs, 2% of Bw, uses 20% of O2

metabolic rate reamins constannt

serveral structures, voluntary and involuntary behaviour

two hemipheres

20
Q

brain stem

A

contains medulla, pons, reticular/activating system(RAS)

21
Q

medulla

A

controls heart rate and resouration

throughfare for sensory information

motor nerve tracts cross over

22
Q

pons

A

responsable for sleeping/dream

damage can causes comas

23
Q

reticular activating system (RAS)

A

sens info to higher cenres

higher centres admit or block sensory input

24
Q

cerebellum

A

muscule coordinarion (reflecive and automatic)

balance

movement, learning and memory on how to do things

25
Q

tha;amus

A

routes sensory information to appropriate place

eg. visual goes to visual centre; aidiotry to auditory centres

26
Q

hypothalamus

A

major role in contrlling biological drives

sexual behvaiour, eating drinking

damage can disprut all these behaviours

involved in reward and pleasure

27
Q

limic system

A

continas hippcampus, amygdala

28
Q

hippocampus

A

forming and retrieving memory

29
Q

amygdala

A

organizes emtional responses

espeicallt those linked to aggression/fear

emotional memory

30
Q

cerebral cortex - the crown

A

2/3cm sheet of grey (unmyelinated cells)

75% of area within fissures (folds)
provides landamrks fro dividing cortec into areas

four lobes

31
Q

frontal

A

speech and skeletal motor functions, planning and judgement

contians prefrontal cortex and motor cortex abd brocas area

32
Q

prefrontal cortex

A

seat of executive functions

goal setting, judgemnet, planning , responsibility

33
Q

motor cortex

A

controls movememnt on opposite side

controls movememnt voluntary musuclies

located at rear of frontal lobe

34
Q

pariental lobe

A

body sensations

35
Q

pariental lobe

A

body sensations

contains snesory cortex

36
Q

sensory cortex

A

reieves sesnory info from opposite side of body

at least oone specific area for each sense

37
Q

occupital lobe

A

vision

continas visual processing

38
Q

visual processing

A

basic visual sensory info

mapping of visual world

colour, size, deoth, distance

39
Q

temporal lobe

A

auditory and language

contains, auditory processings and wernickes area

40
Q

auditory processing

A

process audiotry information

sounds both natural/articial

language processings (wernickes area)

41
Q

wernickes area

A

comprehension

42
Q

brocas area

A

word production

43
Q

corpus callosum

A

contects two hemispheres together

PSYC 1100 (7 decks)

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