Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

OrganHisto Exam One > Chapter Three - Immune System > Flashcards

Chapter Three - Immune System Flashcards

0
Q

Surface protection is an example of what kind of immunity?

A

Innate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What are the three mechanisms of protection of the immune system?

A

Surface protection, acute inflammation, immune response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Acute inflammation is what kind of immunity?

A

Innate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The non-specific process where neutrophils, macrophages, and eosinophils move into an area and complement complex is presented is what mechanism of the immune system?

A

Acute inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the mechanism of the immune system primarily used by the epithelium and its cells?

A

Surface protection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the two types of adaptive immunity?

A

Humoral (B cell) immunity and cell mediated immunity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Humoral immunity is usually in response to what kind of invasion?

A

Bacterial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What mediates humoral immunity?

A

B cells and plasma cells with T cell involvement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What type of adaptive immunity involves antibody production?

A

Humoral (B cell) immunity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cell mediated immunity is usually a response to what kind of invasion?

A

Viruses, fungi, or foreign cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What mediates cell mediated immunity?

A

T lymphocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Does cell mediated immunity depend on B lymphocytes?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which type of adaptive immunity is a cytotoxic response?

A

Cell mediated immunity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the functions of the immune system?

A

Storage of lymphocytes, increase the numbers of lymphocytes, provide a favorable environment for establishing immunity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Humoral immunity and having an incomplete capsule or not one at all are characteristics of what kind of component of the immune system?

A

Diffuse lymphatics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Both humoral and cell-mediated immunities along with the presence of a capsule are characteristics of what component of the immune system?

A

Lymphoid organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The bone marrow and thymus are examples of which lymphoid organs?

A

Primary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What type of lymphoid organs provides an environment where lymphocytes become immunocompetent?

A

Primary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What kind of lymphoid organ provides an environment where lymphocytes can contact foreign antigens and can interact with each other?

A

Secondary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Large amounts of which antibodies are associated with lymph nodules?

A

IgG or IgA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is MALT?

A

Mucosal-Associated Lymphatic Tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What kind of lymphatics are located within the GI, respiratory, and urogenital tracts?

A

Diffuse lymphatics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The spleen and lymph nodes are examples of what kind of lymphoid organs?

A

Secondary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What occurs in the lymph nodules?

A

B cells dividing to form B memory cells and plasma cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Secretory IgA is secreted onto what surfaces?
Epithelial
25
Where can we find secretory IgA?
In or on tears, saliva, gut lumen, nasal cavity, and vaginal surface
26
What are the functions of IgA?
Neutralize viruses and bacteria toxins, decrease microbial adhesion to cells
27
What subcategory of MALT is in the GI tract?
GALT (gut-associated lymphatic tissue)
28
Peyer's patches are located where?
Ileum
29
What subcategory of MALT is associated in the respiratory system?
BALT (bronchial-associated lymphatic tissue)
30
BALT is commonly at what respiratory location?
At bifurcation spots
31
What is the term for tonsils with epithelial folds?
Pleated tonsils
32
What is the function of the pleated folds of some tonsils?
Increase surface area to catch pathogens
33
What covers the pharyngeal tonsils?
Respiratory epithelium
34
What is the other term for the pharyngeal tonsils?
Adenoids
35
What can happen when pharyngeal tonsils are inflamed?
Auditory tubes can be inflamed leading to ear infections
36
What type of tonsils are pleated (have epithelial folds)?
Pharyngeal tonsils
37
What types of tonsils have tonsilar crypts?
Palatine and lingual
38
What is another term for palatine tonsils?
Faucial tonsils
39
What is the surface epithelium for palatine tonsils?
Stratified squamous epithelium
40
Which are deeper: epithelial folds or tonsilar crypts?
Tonsilar crypts
41
What are the advantages to having tonsilar cysts?
Increased surface area for detecting foreign antigens, more area for lymph nodular formation in connective tissue
42
What is the disadvantage of having tonsilar cysts?
Deep depressions ---> bacteria can thrive ---> inflammation ----> tonsillitis
43
What is the surface epithelium of the lingual tonsils?
Stratified squamous
44
What is the tonsilar ring called around the openings to the digestive and respiratory systems?
Waldeyer's Ring
45
What are the two major functions of lymph nodes?
Filtration of lymph fluid using phagocytosis, establish humoral and cell-mediated immunities
46
What is the capsule of a lymph node made of?
Dense irregular connective tissue of moderate thickness
47
What is the irregular connective tissue that divides regions of the lymph node into compartments?
Trabeculae (septa)
48
What is the name for the incoming vessels of the lymph nodes?
Afferent lymphatics
49
What is the name for the outgoing lymphatic vessels?
Efferent
50
Do both the afferent and efferent lymphatic vessels contain valves?
Yes
51
What is the recessed area where efferent lymph exits?
Hilum
52
What is the first area to receive afferent lymph?
Marginal sinus
53
What is another name for the subcapsular sinus?
Marginal sinus
54
Which sinus passes through the cortex region?
Cortical sinus
55
Which sinus passes through the deep cortex/paracortex region?
Deep cortical sinus
56
Which sinus passes through the medulla region?
Medullary sinus
57
What system of fibers supports all of the cells within all regions and sinuses of the lymph node?
Reticular fibers which are produced by reticular cells
58
What cells are found in the cortex of the lymph node?
Reticular cells (for structural support), macrophages (for phagocytosis to filter lymph), follicular dendritic cells (FDCs), some T cells and plasma cells
59
What is the primary cell type in the cortex of the lymph node?
B lymphocyte
60
What activity is present in the cortex region of the lymph node?
Phagocytosis and humoral immunity (primarily IgG)
61
What type of lymph nodule does not have a germinal center?
Primary lymph node
62
What types of cells are seen in primary lymph nodules?
Naive B cells congregate here and many B memory cells are possible to be found
63
What type of lymph nodule has a germinal center?
Secondary lymphoid nodule
64
Secondary lymphoid nodules form as a response to what?
Foreign antigen
65
Active B cell division occurs in what kind of lymphoid nodule?
Secondary
66
Follicular dendritic cells are found in which type of lymphoid nodule?
Secondary
67
What are the other names for the paracortex?
Thymus dependent zone, deep cortex
68
What cells are found in the paracortex?
Reticular cells, macrophages, some B cells, and true dendritic cells
69
What is the primary cell type of the paracortex?
T lymphocyte
70
What activity is seen in the paracortex of the lymph node?
Phagocytosis, storage site for T cells, cell-mediated immunity
71
How can the paracortex area of the lymph node become enlarged?
T cell stimulation
72
What are HEVs?
High endothelial venules
73
Where can HEVs be found?
Paracortex of the lymph node
74
What type of cells line the HEVs?
Cuboid
75
What is the function of HEVs?
Facilitate/promote the passage of B and T cells into the lymph node from the blood
76
HEVs represent an important cross over point between what two systems?
Circulatory and lymphatic systems
77
What represents an important cross over point between blood and lymph?
High endothelial venules
78
What virus thins the paracortex?
HIV
79
What types of cells are found in the medulla region of the lymph node?
Reticular cells, macrophages, B cells, dendritic cells, few T cells
80
What is the primary cell type in the medulla area of the lymph node?
Plasma cells
81
What activity is seen in the medulla of the lymph node?
Phagocytosis, some cell-mediated immunity, much humoral immunity because there is antibody secretion
82
What are the areas of the lymph node of lower cell density?
Medullary sinuses
83
What are the areas of the lymph node of high cell density?
Medullary cords between the sinuses
84
What is another name for the paracortex of the lymph node?
Deep cortex

OrganHisto Exam One (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions