Chapter One - Epithelial Glands

Question 0

What is the term for the components that are directly involved with the primary function of a substance?

Answer 0

Parenchyma

Question 1

What type of secretion is when the product is released into a duct or directly onto an epithelial surface?

Answer 1

Exocrine secretion

Question 2

What are the three ways to classify exocrine glands?

Answer 2

Morphology, method of secretion, product that is secreted

Question 3

What is the term for the components of a substance providing mechanical or metabolic support?

Answer 3

Stroma

Question 4

How are exocrine glands classified by morphology?

Answer 4

Categorized by the shape of the secretory arrangement and the arrangement of the ducts

Question 5

What is the most common method of secretion of exocrine glands?

Answer 5

Merocrine (eccrine)

Question 6

Goblet cell, salivary glands, pancreas, all sweat glands in children, and many adult sweat glands are examples of what type of exocrine glands?

Answer 6

Merocrine (eccrine) glands

Question 7

How do merocrine glands accomplish their method of secretion?

Answer 7

Exocytosis

Question 8

What is a positive feature of exocytosis as a method of secretion of merocrine glands?

Answer 8

No cellular damage

Question 9

Sebaceous glands and the tarsal (Meibomian) glands of eyelids are examples of what type of exocrine gland?

Answer 9

Holocrine

Question 10

What makes up the secretory product of holocrine glands?

Answer 10

Entire cell with intact vacuoles

Question 11

What occurs with the cell itself with holocrine glands?

Answer 11

The cell matures and dies while becoming a part of the secretory product

Question 12

Holocrine glands are specifically associated with what concept?

Answer 12

Odor

Question 13

Lactating mammary glands, some adult sweat glands (pubic and axillary regions), ceruminous glands in external auditory canal, and ciliary “Moll’s) glands are examples of what type of exocrine gland?

Answer 13

Apocrine

Question 14

Lactating mammary glands, some adult sweat glands (pubic and axillary regions), ceruminous glands in external auditory canal, and ciliary “Moll’s” glands are examples of what type of exocrine gland?

Answer 14

Apocrine

Question 15

What makes up the product of apocrine glands?

Answer 15

Cytoplasm, membrane, and intact vacuoles

Question 16

What types of exocrine glands are associated with odor?

Answer 16

Holocrine and apocrine

Question 17

What is the term for the smallest division of a gland that is a group of cells surrounding a cavity?

Answer 17

Acinus

Question 18

What is a small group of serous cells attached to a mucus acinus?

Answer 18

Serous demilune

Question 19

What are the contractile cells with epithelial origin?

Answer 19

Myoepithelial cells

Question 20

Myoepithelial cells wrap around what structure?

Answer 20

Acini

Question 21

Myoepithelial cells are found where?

Answer 21

Salivary and sweat glands, lacrimal glands, lactating mammary glands

Question 22

What is the function of myoepithelial cells?

Answer 22

To assist secretion

Question 23

What type of exocrine gland produces proteins?

Answer 23

Serous glands

Question 24

What is the shape of the cells of serous glands?

Answer 24

Trapezoid shaped

Question 25

What are examples of serous glands?

Answer 25

Pancreas, parotid gland, chief cells in stomach

Question 26

What is the appearance of the nucleus of serous glands?

Answer 26

Round and noticeable

Question 27

What is the staining characteristic of serous glands?

Answer 27

Tend to pick up stains well

Question 28

Goblet cells, mucous cells in stomach, and the minor salivary glands in tongue and palate are examples of what type of exocrine gland?

Answer 28

Mucus glands

Question 29

How do mucus gland cells typically stain?

Answer 29

Light

Question 30

What is the appearance of the nucleus of mucus glands?

Answer 30

Flat and peripheral

Question 31

What is the name of glands that produce serous and mucus?

Answer 31

Mixed glands

Question 32

What are examples of mixed glands?

Answer 32

Submandibular and sublingual glands

Question 33

Serous demilunes are present among what type of exocrine gland?

Answer 33

Mixed

Question 34

What three things regulate exocrine secretion?

Answer 34

Myoepithelial cells, hormones, blood supply

Question 35

What effect does an increase of blood supply have on exocrine glands?

Answer 35

Increased oxygen and increased secretion

Question 36

What effect does a decreased blood supply have on exocrine glands?

Answer 36

Decreased oxygen and decreased secretion

Question 37

In endocrine secretion, what is the secretory product generally called?

Answer 37

A hormone

Question 38

What type of secretion involves the release of secretory product into connective tissue for vascular dispersal to target organs and tissues?

Answer 38

Endocrine secretion

Question 39

What type of endocrine secretion involves the signaling cell being so close to the target cell that the hormone does not enter the blood?

Answer 39

Paracrine secretion

Question 40

In what type of endocrine secretion is the signaling cell its own target?

Answer 40

Autocrine secretion

Question 41

What two things regulate endocrine secretion?

Answer 41

Hormonal feedback loops (positive and negative), autonomic nervous system