Chapter Three Flashcards
What is absolute threshold?
The minimum amount of energy (stimulation) that can be detected 50% of the time.
What is difference threshold?
Distinguish between stimuli (detect a change in stimulation).
What is Websters law?
The larger the original stimulus, the larger the just noticeable difference needs to be for it to be detected.
What is just noticeable difference?
This is the smallest difference between stimuli that can be detected.
JND=KI (K is webster’s constant for a particular sense and I is stimulus intensity).
What are the 4 principles of grouping?
Similarity, proximity, closure, continuity.
What is grouping by similarity?
Similar elements/common features (look alike).
What is grouping by proximity?
The closer objects or events are to one another the more they are perceived as belonging together.
What is grouping by closure?
Filling in missing contours to form a complete object.
Ex: constellations
What is grouping by continuity?
Create a continuous form/pattern.
What are the 3 monocular cues?
Interposition, relative size, and linear perspective.
What is Interposition?
Superposition, objects closer to us may cut off part of our view of more distant objects.
What is Relative size?
If 2 objects are (thought to be) of smaller size, the one that appears smaller will be judged to be further away.
What is linear perspective?
The perception that parallel lines converge in the distance.
What is the JND for weight?
2%
What are Rods, where are they, and main characteristics?
Type of photoreceptor. The periphery of the eye. Highly sensitive to light. Primarily black and white, not sensitive to color.
