Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

EMT > Chapter Ten > Flashcards

Chapter Ten Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
NREMT® EMT flashcards
1
Q

The secondary muscles of respiration. They include neck muscles (sternocleidomastoids) the chest pectorals major muscles and the abdominal muscles

A

Accessory muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

A change in the way a person thinks and behaves that may signal disease in the central nervous system or elsewhere in the body

A

Altered mental status

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

To listen to sounds within an organ with a stethoscope

A

Auscultate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

A method of assessing the level of consciousness by determining whether the patient is awake and alert, responsive to verbal stimuli or pain, or unresponsive; used principally early in the assessment process.

A

AVPU Scale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The pressure that the blood exerts against the walls of the arteries as it passes through them

A

Blood pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

A slow heart rate, less than 60 BPM

A

Bradycardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

An indication of air movement in the lungs usually assed with a stethoscope

A

Breath sounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

A test that evaluates a distal circulatory system function by squeezing (blanching) blood from an area such as the nail bed and watching the speed of its return after releasing the pressure

A

Capillary refill

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

A noninvasive method to quickly and efficiently provide information on a patients ventilatory status, circulation, and metabolism. Effectively measures the concentration of carbon dioxide in expired air over time

A

Capnography

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

A component of air that typically makes up 0.03% of air at sea level; also a waste product exhaled during expiration by the respiratory system

A

Carbon dioxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The reason a patient called for help; also the patients response to questions such as “what’s wrong? ” or “what happened?”

A

Cheif complaint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The delicate membrane that lines the eyelids and covers the exposed surface of the eye

A

Conjunctiva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

A crackling, rattling breath sound that signals fluid in the air spaces or lungs

A

Crackles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A grating or grinding sensation that signals fluid in the air spaces or lungs

A

Crepitus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

A blue skin discoloration that is caused by a reduced level of oxygen in the blood

A

Cyanosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

A mnemonic for assessment in which each area of the body is evaluated for deformities, contusions, abrasions, punctures/penetrations, burns, tenderness, lacerations, and swelling

A

DCAP-BTLS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Characterized by light or profuse sweating

A

Diaphoretic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The pressure that remains in the arteries during the relaxation phase of the hearts cycle (diastole) when the left ventricle is at rest

A

Diastolic pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Any injury that prevents the patient from noticing other injuries he or she may have, even severe injuries; for example, a painful tibia fracture that prevents the patient from noticing back pain associated with a spinal fracture

A

Distracting injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The conclusion about the cause of the patients condition after considering the situation, history, and examination findings.

A

Field impressions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

A type of physical assessment typically performed on patients who have sustained nonsignificant mechanisms of injury or on non responsive medical patient. This type of examination is based on the Cheif complaint and focuses on one body system or part

A

Focused assessment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Damage to tissues as the result of exposure to cold; frozen or partially frozen body parts are __________

A

Frostbite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The overall initial impression that determines the priority for patient care; based on the patients surroundings, the mechanism of injury, signs and symptoms, and the Cheif complaint

A

General impression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The time from injury to definitive care, during which treatment of shock and traumatic injuries should occur because survival potential is the best

A

Golden hour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Involuntary muscle contractions (spasms) of the abdominal wall; an effort to protect the inflamed abdomen

A

Guarding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

A step within the patients assessment process that provides detail about the patients Cheif complaint and an account of the patients vital signs and symptoms

A

History taking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Blood pressure that is higher than the normal range

A

Hypertension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Blood pressure that is lower than the normal range

A

Hypotension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

A condition in which the internal body temperature falls below 95 degrees F

A

Hypothermia

30
Q

A system implemented to manage disasters and mass- and multiple- casualty incidents in which sections Cheifs, including finance, logistics, operations, and planning, report to the incident commander

A

Incident command system

31
Q

Yellow skin or sclera that is caused by liver disease or dysfunction

A

Jaundice

32
Q

Breathing that requires greater than normal effort; may be slower or faster than normal and is characterized by grunting, stridor, and use of accessory muscles.

A

Labored breathing

33
Q

The average pressure in the circulatory system during one cardiac cycle

A

mean arterial pressure (MAP)

34
Q

The forces, or energy transmission, applied to the body that cause injury

A

Mechanism of injury (MOI)

35
Q

The biochemical process that result in production of energy from nutrients within cells

A

Metabolism

36
Q

Widening of the nostrils, indicating there is an airway obstruction

A

Nasal flaring

37
Q

The general type of illness a patient is experiencing

A

Nature of illness (NOI)

38
Q

A mnemonic used in evaluating a patients pain: Onset, Provocation/ palliation, quality, region/ radiation, severity and timing

A

QPQRST

39
Q

The mental status of a patient as measured by memory of person (name), place (current location), time (current year, month and approximate date) and event (what happened)

A

Orientation

40
Q

To examine by touch

A

Palpate

41
Q

The motion of the portion of the Chest wall that is detached in a flail chest; the motion- in during inhalation, out during exhalation- is the exact opposite of normal chest wall motion during breathing

A

Paradoxical motion

42
Q

The flow of blood through body tissues and vessels

A

Perfusion

43
Q

Protective equipment that blocks exposure to a pathogen or a hazardous material

A

Personal protective equipment (PPE)

44
Q

Negative findings that warrant no care or intervention

A

Pertinent negatives

45
Q

A step within the patient assessment process that identifies and initiates treatment of immediate and potential life threats

A

Primary assessment

46
Q

The wave of pressure created as the heart contracts and forces blood out of the left ventricle and into the major arteries

A

Pulse

47
Q

An assessment tool that measures oxygen saturation of hemoglobin in the capillary beds

A

Pulse oximetry

48
Q

A step within the patient assessment process performed at regular intervals during the assessment process to identify and treat changes in a patients condition. A patient in unstable condition should be reassessed every 5 minutes, whereas a patient in stable condition should be reassessed every 15 minutes

A

Reassessment

49
Q

The way in which a patient responds to external stimuli, including verbal stimuli (sound), tactile stimuli (touch), and painful stimuli

A

Responsiveness

50
Q

Movements in which the skin pulls in around the rib cage during inspiration

A

Retractions

51
Q

Coarse, low-pitches breath sounds heard in patients with chronic mucus in the upper airways

A

Rhonchi

52
Q

A brief history of a patients condition to determine signs and symptoms, allergies, medications, pertinent past history, last oral intake, and the events leading to the injury or illness

A

SAMPLE history

53
Q

The steps within the patient assessment process that involves a quick assessment of the scene and the surroundings to provide information about the scene safety and the mechanism of injury or nature of illness before you enter and begin patient care

A

Scene size up

54
Q

The tough, fibrous, white portion of the eye that protects the more delicate inner structures

A

Sclera

55
Q

A step within the patient assessment process in which a systematic physical examination of the patient is performed. The examination may be systematic exam or an assessment that focuses on a certain area or region of the body; often determined through the Cheif complaint.

A

Secondary assessment

56
Q

Respirations characterized by little movement of the chest wall ( reduced tidal volume) or poor chest excursion

A

Shallow respirations

57
Q

Objective finding that can be seen, heard, felt, smelled, or measured

A

Sign

58
Q

Knowledge and understanding of one’s surroundings and the ability to recognize potential risks to the safety of the patient or EMS team

A

Situational awareness

59
Q

An upright position in which the patients head and chin are slightly forward to keep the airway open

A

Sniffling position

60
Q

Breathing that occurs without assistance

A

Spontaneous respirations

61
Q

Protective measures that have traditionally been developed by the CDC for use in dealing with objects, blood, bodily fluids, and other potential exposure risks of communicable disease.

A

Standard precaution

62
Q

A harsh, high-pitched, respiratory sound, generally heard during inspiration, that is caused by partial blockage or narrowing of the upper airway; may be audible without a stethoscope

A

Stridor

63
Q

A characteristic crackling sensation felt on palpitation of the skin, caused by presence of air in soft tissues

A

Subcutaneous emphysema

64
Q

Subjective findings that the patient feels but that can be identified only by the patient

A

Symptom

65
Q

The increased pressure in an artery with each contraction of the ventricles (systole)

A

Systolic pressure

66
Q

A rapid heart rate, more than 100 BPM

A

Tachycardia

67
Q

The amount of air (in mLs) that is moved into or out of the lungs during one breath

A

Tidal volume

68
Q

The process of establishing treatment and transportation priorities according to severity of injury and medical need

A

Tripod position

69
Q

A severe breathing problem in which can speak only two to three words at a time without pausing to take a breath

A

Two-to three-word dyspnea

70
Q

Narrowing of a blood vessel

A

Vasoconstriction

71
Q

The key signs that are used to evaluate the patient’s overall condition, including respirations, pulse, blood pressure, level of consciousness, and skin characteristics

A

Vital signs

72
Q

Hi pitched whistling breath sound that is most prominent on expiration and which suggests an obstruction on narrowing of the lower airways; occurs an asthma and bronchiolitis 

A

Wheezing

EMT (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions