Chapter Eleven Flashcards
Metabolism that can proceed only in the presence of oxygen
Aerobic metabolism
The airway manipulation that induces the production of aerosols that may present a risk for airborne transmission of pathogens such as CPR
Aerosol generating procedure
A normal breathing pattern characterized by slow gasping breaths sometimes seen in patients in cardiac arrest
Agonal breaths
The upper airway tract or the passage of the larynx which includes the nose mouth and throat
Airway
The volume of air moves through the lungs in one minute minus the dead space; calculated by multiplying tidal volume and respiratory rate
Alveolar minute volume
The volume of air that reaches the alveoli. It is determined by subtracting the amount of dead space air from the tidal volume
Alveolar ventilation
Safety system for large oxygen cylinders designed to prevent the accidental attachment of a regulator to a cylinder containing the wrong type of gas 
American standard safety system
The metabolism that takes place in the absence of oxygen; the main byproduct is lactic acid
Anaerobic metabolism
Absence of spontaneous breathing
Apnea
I’m technique in which oxygen administered via a high flow nasal cannula is left in place during intubation attempt allowing for continuous oxygen delivery to the airways during all phases of the procedure
Apneic oxygenation
Irregular ineffective respirations that may or may not have an identifiable pattern
Ataxic respirations
In the context of the airway, the introduction of vomitus or other foreign material into the lung
Aspiration
Ventilation device attached to a control box that allows the variables of ventilation to be set. It frees the EMT to perform other tasks while the patient is being ventilated
Automatic transport ventilator (ATV)
A device with one way valve and a face mask attached to a ventilation bag; when attached to a reservoir and connected to oxygen and delivers more than 90% supplemental oxygen
Bag mask device
Protective items such as a pocket mask with the valve, that limits exposure to a patient’s body fluids
Barrier device
A body part or condition that appears on both sides of the midline
Bilateral
Subdivision of the smaller bronchi in the lungs; made of smooth muscle and dilate or constrict in response to various stimuli
Bronchioles
Noninvasive methods to quickly and efficiently provide information on a patients ventilatory status, circulation, and metabolism. Ineffectively measures the concentration of carbon dioxide and expired air overtime
Capnography
The use of a capnometer device that measures the amount of expired carbon dioxide
Capnometry
Point at which the trachea bifurcates into the left and right mainstem bronchi
Carina
Monitor the level of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH of the cerebral spinal fluid and then provide feedback to the respiratory centers to modify the rate and depth of breathing based on the body’s needs at any given time
Chemoreceptors
A cyclical pattern of abnormal breathing that increases and then decreases in rate and depth followed by a period of apnea
Cheyne -Stokes respirations
The ability of the alveolar to expand when air is drawn in during inhalation
Compliance
A method of ventilation used primarily in the treatment of critically ill patients with respiratory distress; can prevent the need for endotracheal intubation
Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)
Any portion of the airway that does contain air and cannot participate in gas exchange such as trachea and bronchi
Dead space
 The process of replacing nitrogen in the lungs with oxygen to maintain a normal oxygen saturation level during advanced airway management
Denitrogenation
