Chapter Eleven

Question 1

Metabolism that can proceed only in the presence of oxygen

Answer 1

Aerobic metabolism

Question 2

The airway manipulation that induces the production of aerosols that may present a risk for airborne transmission of pathogens such as CPR

Answer 2

Aerosol generating procedure

Question 3

A normal breathing pattern characterized by slow gasping breaths sometimes seen in patients in cardiac arrest

Answer 3

Agonal breaths

Question 4

The upper airway tract or the passage of the larynx which includes the nose mouth and throat

Answer 4

Airway

Question 5

The volume of air moves through the lungs in one minute minus the dead space; calculated by multiplying tidal volume and respiratory rate

Answer 5

Alveolar minute volume

Question 6

The volume of air that reaches the alveoli. It is determined by subtracting the amount of dead space air from the tidal volume

Answer 6

Alveolar ventilation

Question 7

Safety system for large oxygen cylinders designed to prevent the accidental attachment of a regulator to a cylinder containing the wrong type of gas 

Answer 7

American standard safety system

Question 8

The metabolism that takes place in the absence of oxygen; the main byproduct is lactic acid

Answer 8

Anaerobic metabolism

Question 9

Absence of spontaneous breathing

Answer 9

Apnea

Question 10

I’m technique in which oxygen administered via a high flow nasal cannula is left in place during intubation attempt allowing for continuous oxygen delivery to the airways during all phases of the procedure

Answer 10

Apneic oxygenation

Question 11

Irregular ineffective respirations that may or may not have an identifiable pattern

Answer 11

Ataxic respirations

Question 12

In the context of the airway, the introduction of vomitus or other foreign material into the lung

Answer 12

Aspiration

Question 13

Ventilation device attached to a control box that allows the variables of ventilation to be set. It frees the EMT to perform other tasks while the patient is being ventilated

Answer 13

Automatic transport ventilator (ATV)

Question 14

A device with one way valve and a face mask attached to a ventilation bag; when attached to a reservoir and connected to oxygen and delivers more than 90% supplemental oxygen

Answer 14

Bag mask device

Question 15

Protective items such as a pocket mask with the valve, that limits exposure to a patient’s body fluids

Answer 15

Barrier device

Question 16

A body part or condition that appears on both sides of the midline

Answer 16

Bilateral

Question 17

Subdivision of the smaller bronchi in the lungs; made of smooth muscle and dilate or constrict in response to various stimuli

Answer 17

Bronchioles

Question 18

Noninvasive methods to quickly and efficiently provide information on a patients ventilatory status, circulation, and metabolism. Ineffectively measures the concentration of carbon dioxide and expired air overtime

Answer 18

Capnography

Question 19

The use of a capnometer device that measures the amount of expired carbon dioxide

Answer 19

Capnometry

Question 20

Point at which the trachea bifurcates into the left and right mainstem bronchi

Answer 20

Carina

Question 21

Monitor the level of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH of the cerebral spinal fluid and then provide feedback to the respiratory centers to modify the rate and depth of breathing based on the body’s needs at any given time

Answer 21

Chemoreceptors

Question 22

A cyclical pattern of abnormal breathing that increases and then decreases in rate and depth followed by a period of apnea

Answer 22

Cheyne -Stokes respirations

Question 23

The ability of the alveolar to expand when air is drawn in during inhalation

Answer 23

Compliance

Question 24

A method of ventilation used primarily in the treatment of critically ill patients with respiratory distress; can prevent the need for endotracheal intubation

Answer 24

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

Question 25

Any portion of the airway that does contain air and cannot participate in gas exchange such as trachea and bronchi

Answer 25

Dead space

Question 26

 The process of replacing nitrogen in the lungs with oxygen to maintain a normal oxygen saturation level during advanced airway management

Answer 26

Denitrogenation