Chapter One

Question 1

Which of the following is a scientific name?

Answer 1

Streptococcus pyogenes

Question 2

What are the the three domain systems?

Answer 2

Archea, Bacteria, Eukarya

Question 3

Viruses

Answer 3

Lack cells, can’t metabolize nutrients, cannot reproduce by themselves, and they are parasites

Question 4

Who was the first to observe microorganisms under a microscope?

Answer 4

Van Leeuwenhoek

Question 5

Hooke

Answer 5

Cell theory

Question 6

Jenner

Answer 6

Vaccines

Question 7

Lister

Answer 7

Aseptic surgery

Question 8

Pasteur

Answer 8

Fermentation

Question 9

Classification of organisms in the three domains is based on?

Answer 9

Cellular organization

Question 10

Which of the following is the best definition of biotechnology?

Answer 10

The use of living organisms to make desired products

Question 11

Which of the following organisms have a cell wall of peptidoglycan?

Answer 11

Bacteria

Question 12

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek was the first to observe microbes?

Answer 12

True

Question 13

The theory of biogenesis is the same as the theory of spontaneous generation.

Answer 13

False

Question 14

Microbes are NOT responsible for

Answer 14

antibody production

Question 15

In the nomenclature system designed by Carl Linnaeus, each living organism is assigned two names.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

Examples of fungi include the yeasts, molds, and mushrooms.

Answer 16

True

Question 17

Flagella are appendages that allow locomotion in bacteria

Answer 17

True

Question 18

Pasteurization was first developed to kill __________ in wine

Answer 18

spoilage bacteria

Question 19

Robert Koch’s studies on Bacillus anthracis established a sequence of experimental steps to prove that microbes __________.

Answer 19

cause disease

Question 20

Ehrlich searched for a/an __________ that would destroy a pathogen without harming the infected host.

Answer 20

magic bullet

Question 21

The vast majority of bacteria are harmful to humans or plants.

Answer 21

False

Question 22

A disease that has increased in incidence or could increase in incidence in the near future is called an emerging infectious disease.

Answer 22

True

Question 23

Vaccines were invented by Alexander Fleming in 1920.

Answer 23

False

Question 24

How would you recognize an antibiotic-producing soil bacterium on a plate crowded with other bacteria? The bacterial colony producing the antibiotic would be __________.

Answer 24

surrounded by a clear area

Question 25

The usefulness of antibiotics is hampered by __________.

Answer 25

the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria

Question 26

All living organisms can be classified into three domains: __________

Answer 26

Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya

Question 27

Which of the following is characteristic of bacteria?

Answer 27

Bacteria lack a membrane-bound nucleus.

Question 28

A new microorganism has been isolated from hot springs in Yellowstone National Park. It consists of single cells, which appear to lack a nucleus. Chemical analysis shows the presence of both DNA and RNA in the cytoplasm and pseudomurein in the cell wall. In which of the following groups will this organism be classified?

Answer 28

Archaea

Question 29

Arsenic is a relatively common hazardous waste generated by smelting processes and can contaminate soil and water surrounding smelting facilities. A bioprocess using naturally occurring bacteria to remove arsenic has been developed. This process is an example of __________.

Answer 29

bioremediation

Question 30

Which of the following properties are true of both bacteria and viruses?

Answer 30

Both use a molecule of nucleic acid to determine heredity.

Question 31

Overuse and misuse of antibiotics has __________.

Answer 31

selected for antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria and increased their frequency in both the hospital environment and the community