Chapter Make-Up Flashcards
Environmental policy is regarded as a …
fundamental human right
Four principles of Environmental Policy Development
- Precautionary principle
- Environmental justice
- Environmental sustainability
- The polluter-pays principle
What principle is this? (Preventative, anticipatory measures should be taken when an activity raises threats of harm to environment, wildlife, or human health); (e.g. regulating chemicals)
Precautionary Principle
What principle is this? (Equal treatment of all people in society); (e.g. air quality, water quality, waste management)
Environmental Justice
What principle is this? (A strong, just, and wealthy society can be consistent with a clean environment, healthy ecosystems, and a beautiful planet)
Environmental Sustainability
What principle is this? (Polluters should bear the expenses of carrying out the pollution prevention and control measures to ensure that the environment is an aceptable state) (e.g. carbon tax, pay for plastic)
Polluter-Pays Principle
Which is not true of Environmental Impact Statements?
- They state the need for a project
- They assess a project’s impact on the environment
- They are managed by Congress
- The public may comment on them
They are managed by Congress
The EPA has authority to set standards for … ?
- National Air Quality
- Auto Emissions
- Anti-Pollution
- All of the above
All of the above
All steps are components of the Policy Cycle, EXCEPT:
- Problem definition
- Implementation and evaluation
- Budget authorization
- Agenda setting and establishment
Budget authorization
Process that reviews the potential impact of anthropogenic activities with respect to their general environmental consequences - What is that called?
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
Global agency responsible for environmental regulation
World Health Organization (WHO)
National agency responsible for environmental regulation
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
What is EPA’s mission?
Protect human health and the environment
When was the EPA founded?
1970, established by White House and Congress
What is the NIOSH founded for?
Federal agency responsible for conducting research and making recommendations for the prevention of work-related injury and illness
What is the ATSDR founded for?
Taking actions to prevent and mitigate harmful exposure to toxic substances and related disease
What is NIEHS?
Branch of NIH that has a focus on environmental causes of disease
What act was NIESH created in?
Occupational Safety Health Act of 1970
What was the policy that your group presented?
The Montreal Protocol, which was designed to limit many materials in common use that have high GWP
What is one thing you learned from it?
I learned that is in fact possible for countries to band together and make a difference towards changing things that negatively affect the climate. The Montreal Protocol prevented several degrees of warming in a relatively short amount of time, making a huge difference in the fight for climate change.
What was the Clean Air Act?
Regulations emission of hazardous air pollutants
What standards does the Clean Air Act authorize the EPA to set?
National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)
What was the Clean Water Act?
Regulates pollutants in US waters (lakes, rivers, streams, oceans), first major US law to address water pollution
What was the Safe Drinking Water Act?
Established to protect the quality of drinking water in the US
What was the National Environmental Policy Act?
One of the first laws ever written establishes national framework for protecting environment; ensures all branches of government give proper consideration to environment before making federal decisions
What is the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA)?
Provides for federal regulation of pesticide distribution, sale, and use by the EPA
What is the Toxic Substances Control Act?
Provides EPA with authority to require reporting record-keeping, and testing requirements relating to chemical substances
What was the RCRA (Resource Conservation and Recovery Act)?
It controls hazardous waste from the “cradle-to grave,” includes generation, transportation, treatment, stage, and disposal
What was the Endangered Species Act? When was it founded?
Program for conservation of threatened endangered plants, animals, habitats, 1973
Who helped the U.S. with whales?
Soviets
What did Natives want to do with the whales at first?
Harvest them
