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Physiological Psychology > Chapter Fourteen > Flashcards

Chapter Fourteen Flashcards

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1
Q

Any form of brain pathology can result in a variety of symptoms…

A

site and extent of pathology, age and health of patient, other health related problems

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2
Q

Malignant tumors

A

cancerous; not encapsulated, no guarantee all cells have been removed

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3
Q

Benign tumors

A

non-cancerous; encapsulated with a clear border between tumor and healthy tissue; can still be very dangerous due to growth

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4
Q

Mastastases

A

cells that are shred from a tumor and travel through the blood to other sites

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5
Q

Hydrocephalus

A

can result from “pinched off” lines for drainage of cerebral spinal fluid

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6
Q

Brain tumor names derive from…

A

the cells that produce them

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7
Q

Do brain tumors derive from neurons?

A

No because neurons do not have the ability to divide as other cells do

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8
Q

Glioma

A

derive from glia, usually fast growing and malignant

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9
Q

Meningioma

A

derive from meninges

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10
Q

Angioma

A

derive from blood vessels

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11
Q

Pinealoma

A

derives from pineal gland

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12
Q

Seizure disorders usually originate from..

A

the temporal lobe; can be caused by a variety of factors; may or may not involve full-body convulsions

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13
Q

Partial seizure

A

involve small part of the brain and derive from focus

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14
Q

Simple Partial Seizure

A

no loss of consciousness, motor, mental, and autonomic responses

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15
Q

complex partial seizure

A

same as simple partial seizure, but loss of consciousness

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16
Q

Generalize Seizure

A

involve most of the brain

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17
Q

Grand Mal

A

involve full body convulsions; may be preceded by aura; two phases- tonic and clonic

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18
Q

Tonic Phase

A

muscles contract forcefully

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19
Q

Clonic phase

A

muscles begin “jerking”; may lose consciousness for up to 15 minutes

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20
Q

Absence Seizures

A

common in children; may appear to be inattentive and occur hundreds of times daily

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21
Q

Blood disorders

A

most common problem is stroke

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22
Q

Hemorrhagic Stroke

A

bleeding from ruptured blood vessel

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23
Q

Obstructive Stroke

A

clot (thrombus) in a vessel that blocks blood flow

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24
Q

embolus

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A

piece of thrombus that travels in artery, lodged in smaller arteries

25
embolus
piece of thrombus that travels in artery, lodged in smaller arteries
26
Teratogens
a substance that can cause a birth defect; what and when determine impact
27
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
common, yet entirely preventable
28
Phenylketonuria (PKU)
genetic predisposition that MAY lead to problems; causes disruption of myelination; once brains mature, can take small exposures
29
Tay-Sachs Disease
disease found in those of Jewish Descent; genetic disposition--> brain swells; severe pain,
30
Down Syndrome
result in extra 21st chromosome, supplied by mother
31
Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease
shaking of limbs, hands, loss of facial tone, fewer spontaneous movement; may not show reflexive behaviors
32
Treatment for Parkinsons
L-Dope works well early on; transplanted DA rich brain tissue; surgical removal of globus pallidus
33
Brain changes in those with Alzheimers Disease
brain abnormalities-shrinking of cortex, ventricular enlargement, neurofibrillary tangles, neuritis plaques, degenerating dendrites
34
Multiple Sclerosis
autoimmune disease that eats away myelin
35
Encephalitis
generic name for brain infection; blood-borne pathogens can get into the brain if protective mechanisms fail
36
Effects of Polio
virus that damages motor neurons in the brain/spinal cord; typically effects motor cortex, thalamus, hypothalamus, and brain stem
37
Rabies
carried in animals saliva that are infected
38
Meningitis
bacterial (causes brain damage) or viral; inflammation of the meninges
39
What do symptoms of stroke depend on?
extent and location of damage that occurs
40
What do strokes cause deficits in?
deficits of speech, movement, vision
41
What does FAS cause in children?
physical and intellectual difficulties for FAS children- physical tend to be seen in facial features
42
What is the IQ of those with full blown PKU?
around 20
43
How long do those with tay-sachs usually live?
fatality by 5th birthday
44
Can carrier parents of tay-sachs have health children?
carrier parents have healthy children as long as BOTH parents are not a carrier
45
What are the physical and intellectual symptoms of down syndrome?
physical symptoms of face/body; lower intelligence, late in meeting childhood milestones
46
What do the brain abnormalities of down syndrome resemble?
alzheimers by age 30
47
What are the brain changes of those with Down syndrome?
brain changes-lighter, smaller/simpler gyri and suli
48
Brain changes of those with Parkinsons
deregulation of DA neurons in substantia nigra
49
When does the alzheimers risk increase?
with age
50
Symptoms of those with MS
movement, motor, and cognitive, vision
51
Do symptoms of MS go into remission?
yes in the early stages
52
How long does it take for symptoms to develop?
20 years in most cases
53
Causes of MS
genetic contribution & higher risk if born in late winter/early spring, female, and white
54
How is polio kept in check?
through use of vaccines
55
How soon can rabies cause death?
will cause death in 7-10 days of onset of symptoms
56
What is the incubation period of rabies?
incubation period may be up to two months depends on where person was bit (upper or lower body)
57
Effects of Rabies
travels to brain in peripheral nerves and damages cerebellum and hippocampus
58
symptoms of meningitis
stiff neck is tell-tale symptom along with flu-like symptoms
59
How soon can meningitis become fatal?
can become fatal within 24 if antibiotics are not administered for bacterial strand

Physiological Psychology (11 decks)

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