Chapter Five - Learning

Question 1

What is the definition of learning?

Answer 1

A relatively permanent change in behaviour, capabilities, or knowledge resulting from practice or experience

Question 2

What is classical conditioning?

Answer 2

A form of learning that enables us to associate or anticipate certain response to events based on the continuous pairing of stimuli

Question 3

What is generalization and discrimination?

Answer 3

Generalization is when a conditioned response is evoke by a similar stimulus

Discrimination is distinguishing between a conditional stimulus and one that is similar

Question 4

What is operant conditioning?

Answer 4

When we learn to behave based on how our actions are reinforced or punished

Question 5

What does reinforcement mean and what types are their?

Answer 5

Stimulus that increases repetition of behaviour

Positive = apply
Negative = remove
Immediate or Delayed
Primary = basic needs
Secondary = associations

Question 6

What is the difference between positive and negative punishment?

Answer 6

Positive = adding an unpleasant stimulus to decrease behaviour

Negative = removing pleasant stimulus to decrease behaviour

Question 7

Effectiveness of punishment depends on: (3)

Answer 7

Timing, Intensity, Consistency

Question 8

What are the four types of schedules of reinforcement?

Answer 8

Fixed Interval
Variable Interval
Fixed Ratio
Variable Ratio

Question 9

What did B.F. Skinner do?

Answer 9

trained pigeons and mice with operant conditioning

Question 10

Who is Albert Bandura?

Answer 10

Bobo doll experiment to show how we mimic or repeat what we experience

Question 11

Is gaming positive or negative?

Answer 11

Both. Gaming feeds the learning process by building on experience, develops motor skills, provides feedback.

It also normalizes violence, increases aggression, socially isolates individuals and is addictive