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BIO211 > Chapter 9.2 > Flashcards

Chapter 9.2 Flashcards

1
Q

what is formed by an elongated rigid object rotating around a fulcrum?
A. Pivot
B. Lever
C. Wedge

A

B. Lever

Pivot is another word for fulcrum

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2
Q 
In which type of joint are the bones separated by a narrow fluid, filled, encapsulated space?
A. Synchondrosis
B. Cartilaginous
C. Synovial
D. Bony
A

C. Synovial

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3
Q

Within a musculoskeletal lever system, what is the fulcrum?
A. Muscules
B. Joints
C. Bones

A

B. Joints

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4
Q

What is the hyaline cartilage found at the end of bones within a synovial joint called?

A.Synochondrosis
B. Articular Cartilage
C. Meniscus
D. Joint Capsule

A

B. Articular Cartilage

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5
Q

What describes a first-class lever?
A. the effort is located between the fulcrum and resistance
B. The fulcrum is located between the effort and resistance.
C. the resistance is located between the fulcrum and effort.

A

B. The fulcrum is located between the effort and resistance.

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6
Q

A synovial joint cavity is enclosed by which of the following?

A. Meniscus
B. Joint capsule
C. Articular cartilage

A

B. Joint capsule

A. are the fibrocartilage pads found between bones
C. lines the surface of the bones in a synovial joint but does not enclose the joint

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7
Q 
What structure is found between the bones of the temporomandibular joint?
A. Fibrocartilage pad
B. Meniscus
C. Bursa
D. Tendon
A

A. Fibrocartilage pad

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8
Q

Which act as a lever?

A. Bones
B. Muscles
C. Joints

A

A. Bones

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9
Q

Sitting in a chair and raising one thigh is an example of what class of lever system?
A. Second
B. Third
C. First

A

A. Second

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10
Q

In a musculoskeletal lever system, what force does the muscle contraction provide?

A. Tension
B. Effort
C. Torsion
D. Resistance

A

B. Effort

an opposing muscle may represent the resistance that the effort is applied against.

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11
Q

The forearm acts as a _______ lever when you flex your elbow.

A

Third Class

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12
Q

Which are parts of a joint capsule?

Synovial Membrane
Fibrous Capsule
Periosteum
Articular Cartilage

A

Synovial Membrane

Fibrous Capsule

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13
Q

What are articular discs, as the one in the temporomandibular joint, made of?

A. Hyaline Cartilage
B. Elastic Cartilage
C. Fibrocartilage

A

C. Fibrocartilage

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14
Q 
The flexibility of a joint is assessed as which of the following?
A. Range of Motion
B. Amount of Cartilage
C. Joint Classification
D. Axes of MOvement
A

A. Range of Motion

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15
Q

What describes a second-class lever?
A. the effort is located between the fulcrum and resistance
B. The fulcrum is located between the effort and resistance.
C. the resistance is located between the fulcrum and effort.

A

C. the resistance is located between the fulcrum and effort.

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16
Q

How would a joint with three degrees of freedom be classified?
A. Monaxial
B. Biaxial
C. Mulitaxial

A

C. Multiaxial

17
Q

Within the skeletal anatomy, what supplies the effort?
A. Muscle contraction
B. The effort arm
C. The resistance arm

A

A. Muscle contraction

18
Q

Considering the axes of rotation, ______ joints allow movement in only one plane.

A

monaxial

19
Q

What describes a third-class lever system?
A. the effort is located between the fulcrum and resistance
B. The fulcrum is located between the effort and resistance.
C. the resistance is located between the fulcrum and effort.

A

A. the effort is located between the fulcrum and resistance

20
Q

The strength of ligaments and the action of muscles across a joint both affect which aspect of a joint?

A. The range of motion
B. The axes of rotation
C. The lever of classification

A

A. The range of motion

21
Q

The humeroulnar joint is an example of which type of synovial joint?

A. Saddle
B. Pivot
C. Condyloid
D. Hinge

A

D. Hinge

22
Q

The shoulder and hip joints are examples of______ joints.

A. Hinge
B. Condyloid
C. Saddle
D. Ball-and-socket

A

D. Ball-and-socket

23
Q

Based on their degree of freedom, condylar joints are classified as _____ joints.

A

biaxial

24
Q 
Which type of synovial joint consists of two bones at the base of the thumb, one with a surface that is concave and the other that is convex?
A. Pivot
B. Plane
C. Saddle
D. Condylar
A

C. Saddle

A.Reason: A pivot joint has a rounded surface that rotates in a notch.
B. Reason: A plane joint consists of two flat surfaces gliding on one another.
D. A condylar joint is one with an oval convex surface on one bone that fits into a complementary-shaped depression on the other bone.

25
Q

What comprises the outer layer of a synovial joint capsule?
A. Synovial Capsule
B. Fibrous Capsule
C. Arituclar Cartilage

A

B. Fibrous Capsule

26
Q

Based on the number of axes of rotation, plane joints are usually classified as _____ joints.

A

Biaxial

27
Q

the elbow is an example of a _____ joint.

A. Condyloid
B. Ball-and-Socket
C. Saddle
D. Hinge

A

D. Hinge

28
Q

Based on their degree of freedom ball and socket joints are _____

A

multiaxial

29
Q

based on their degree of freedom pivot joints are _____joints

A

Monaxial

30
Q

In which synovial joint does an oval surface on one bone fit into a complementary-shaped depression on another bone?

A. hinge
B. Ball and Socket
C. Condylar
D. Pivot

A

C. condylar

31
Q

Joints between carpal bones of the wrist are examples of ______ joints.

A. Plane
B. Ball-and-Socket
C. Condyloid
D. Saddle

A

A. Plane

32
Q

A movement that decreases a joint angle is called _____

A. Flexion
B.Extension
C. Pronation
D. Supination

A

A. Flexion

33
Q 
What type of synovial joint allows the bone to turn on its longitudinal axis?
A. Pivot
B. Hinge
C. Plane
D. Ball-and-socket
A

A. pivot

34
Q

The movement straightens a joint, returning it to zero position?

A. Flexion
B. Extension
C. Rotation
D. Pronation

A

B. Extension

35
Q

the metacarpophalangeal joint is an example of a _____ joint.

A. Ball and socket
B. plane
C. Saddle
D. Condyloid

A

D. condyloid

36
Q

rotation of the bent upper limb at the shoulder bringing the forearm towards the middle line is an example of what rotation

A

medial

BIO211 (21 decks)

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